How to add boot script in linux?

#How to add a boot script in Linux?

How to add a startup script in Linux:

Configuration files that need to be loaded when the system starts

/etc/profile,/root /.bash_profile
/etc/bashrc、/root/.bashrc
/etc/profile.d/*.sh、/etc/profile.d/lang.sh
/etc/sysconfig/i18n、 /etc/rc.local (/etc/rc.d/rc.local)

1. Modify the boot file: /etc/rc.local (or /etc/rc.d/rc .local)

# 1.编辑rc.local文件
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/rc.local
 
# 2.修改rc.local文件，在 exit 0 前面加入以下命令。保存并退出。
/etc/init.d/mysqld start                     # mysql开机启动
/etc/init.d/nginx start                     # nginx开机启动
supervisord -c /etc/supervisor/supervisord.conf         # supervisord开机启动
/bin/bash /server/scripts/test.sh >/dev/null 2>/dev/null
 
# 3.最后修改rc.local文件的执行权限
[root@localhost ~]# chmod +x /etc/rc.local
[root@localhost ~]# chmod 755 /etc/rc.local

2. Write a shell script yourself

Place the written script (.sh file) in the directory /etc/profile. d/, all shell scripts in this directory will be automatically executed after the system starts.

3. Set through the chkconfig command

# 1.将(脚本)启动文件移动到 /etc/init.d/或者/etc/rc.d/init.d/目录下。（前者是后者的软连接）
mv /www/wwwroot/test.sh /etc/rc.d/init.d
 
# 2.启动文件前面务必添加如下三行代码，否侧会提示chkconfig不支持。
#!/bin/sh             告诉系统使用的shell,所以的shell脚本都是这样
#chkconfig: 35 20 80        分别代表运行级别，启动优先权，关闭优先权，此行代码必须
#description: http server     自己随便发挥！！！，此行代码必须
/bin/echo $(/bin/date +%F_%T) >> /tmp/test.log
 
# 3.增加脚本的可执行权限
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/test.sh
 
# 4.添加脚本到开机自动启动项目中。添加到chkconfig，开机自启动。
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/rc.d/init.d
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --add test.sh
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig test.sh on
 
# 5.关闭开机启动
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig test.sh off
 
# 6.从chkconfig管理中删除test.sh
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --del test.sh
 
# 7.查看chkconfig管理
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --list test.sh

4. Customize the service file, add it to the system service, and manage it through Systemctl

1. Write service files: such as nginx.service, redis.service, supervisord.service

[Unit]:服务的说明
Description:描述服务
After:描述服务类别
 
[Service]服务运行参数的设置
Type=forking      是后台运行的形式
ExecStart        为服务的具体运行命令
ExecReload       为服务的重启命令
ExecStop        为服务的停止命令
PrivateTmp=True     表示给服务分配独立的临时空间
注意：启动、重启、停止命令全部要求使用绝对路径
 
[Install]        服务安装的相关设置，可设置为多用户
WantedBy=multi-user.target

2. Save the file in the directory: with 754 permissions. Directory path: /usr/lib/systemd/system. For example, the supervisord.service file above is placed in this directory.

[root@localhost ~]# cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
[root@localhost ~]# cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/supervisord.service

3. Set up auto-start at boot (execute in any directory). If an error is reported when executing the startup command, execute: systemctl daemon-reload

设置开机自启动
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable nginx.service   
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable supervisord
 
停止开机自启动
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable nginx.service
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable supervisord
 
验证一下是否为开机启动
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl is-enabled nginx
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl is-enabled supervisord

4. Other commands

启动nginx服务
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start nginx.service
 
停止nginx服务
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start nginx.service
 
重启nginx服务
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart nginx.service
 
查看nginx服务当前状态
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status nginx.service
 
查看所有已启动的服务
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl list-units --type=service

5. Service file example:

# supervisord.service进程管理服务文件
[Unit]
Description=Process Monitoring and Control Daemon  # 内容自己定义：Description=Supervisor daemon
After=rc-local.service nss-user-lookup.target
 
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/bin/supervisord -c /etc/supervisor/supervisord.conf
ExecStop= /usr/bin/supervisorctl shutdown
ExecReload=/usr/bin/supervisorctl reload
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=42s
KillMode=process
 
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

# nginx.service服务文件
[Unit]
Description=nginx - high performance web server
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
 
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
ExecStop=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
 
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

# redis.service服务文件
[Unit]
Description=Redis
After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
 
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/redis-server /etc/redis.conf
ExecStop=kill -INT `cat /tmp/redis.pid`
User=www
Group=www
 
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Recommended tutorial: "linux video tutorial》

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