Home php教程 php手册 PHP入门基础之引用文件学习笔记

PHP入门基础之引用文件学习笔记

May 25, 2016 pm 04:48 PM
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引用文件在php中与asp中引用文件有一定区别,下面我来介绍在php中利用require 与include引用文件实例吧。

引用文件是PHP在一大特特色之一,这个方法可以将常用的功能与函数放在一个文件之中,而其他页面需要用到这些功能或函数时,就直接通过引用这个文件来调用这些函数了,如果不引用的话,重新在那个页面上写上相同的函数会大大的加重开发者的工作量,也加大了程序的代码量,不利于后期的维护以及二次开发。

PHP引用文件的方法有两个,分别利用到的函数是 require() 和 include(),两种引用的效果是一样的,但这两个函数有不同之处:如果 require 引用文件时不反回任何值,出错就致命的错误,程序将终止继续执行;使用该函数进行引用时,你要确保代码都是正确的情况下使用,而当 include 引用文件时有反回值,出错时它仍继续执行后面代码,所以建议大家尽量使用第一个函数 require 来引用文件,它没有值反回,速度和效率上相对比 include 要快,而通常 require 会放在PHP程序的最前面,PHP 程序在执行前,就会先读入 require 所指定引入的文件,使它变成 PHP 程序网页的一部份,常用的函数,亦可以这个方法将它引入网页中。

实例代码如下:

<?php  
    require(&#39;sql.php&#39;); // 该函数通常放在开头,例如:引用SQL数据库连接函数的文件  
    echo &#39;引用文件示范&#39;;  
    include(&#39;hello-world.php&#39;); // 该函数一般是放在流程控制的处理部分中  
?>
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这时有人可能就会问,当某个页面引用多个文件时,而这些被引用的文件也都引用了其它一个或多个相同的文件,有时侯没必要引用那么多次,那么怎样才让PHP只引用一次就行了呢?当然,PHP也有对应的方法的,就是在原函数的基础上加上个“后缀”一样的声明,就是把函数分别变为 require_once()和 include_once(),如下示例:

<?php  
    require_once(&#39;sql.php&#39;); // 声明只引用sql.php文件一次  
    echo &#39;引用文件示范&#39;;  
    include_once(&#39;hello-world.php&#39;); //声明只引用hello-world.php文件一次  
?>
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