The following methods can usually be used to optimize the database:
(Recommended tutorial: mysql tutorial)
Select the most applicable field attributes, reduce the width of the defined fields as much as possible, and try to set the fields to NOTNULL. For example, 'province' and 'gender' are best suited for ENUM
Use connection (JOIN) To replace subqueries
Use union (UNION) to replace manually created temporary tables
Transaction processing
Lock the table and optimize transaction processing
Use foreign keys and optimize the locking table
Create index
Optimize query statements
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