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Analysis of the operating principle of PHP vsprintf() function formatted string

Jul 22, 2020 pm 04:33 PM
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Analysis of the operating principle of PHP vsprintf() function formatted string

实例

把格式化字符串写入变量中:

<?php
$number = 9;
$str = "Beijing";
$txt = vsprintf("There are %u million bicycles in %s.",array($number,$str));
echo $txt;
?>
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定义和用法

vsprintf()函数把格式化字符串写入变量中。

与 sprintf() 不同,vsprintf() 中的参数位于数组中。数组元素将被插入到主字符串中的百分号(%)符号处。该函数是逐步执行的。在第一个 % 符号处,插入第一个数组元素,在第二个 % 符号处,插入第二个数组元素,依此类推。

注释:如果 % 符号多于arg参数,则您必须使用占位符。占位符被插入到 % 符号之后,由数字和 "\$" 组成。请参见例子 2。

语法

vsprintf(format,argarray)

参数描述
format必需。规定字符串以及如何格式化其中的变量。可能的格式值:
%%-返回一个百分号%
%b-二进制数
%c-ASCII值对应的字符
%d-包含正负号的十进制数(负数、0、正数)
%e-使用小写的科学计数法(例如1.2e+2)
%E-使用大写的科学计数法(例如1.2E+2)
%u-不包含正负号的十进制数(大于等于0)
%f-浮点数(本地设置)
%F-浮点数(非本地设置)
%g-较短的%e和%f
%G-较短的%E和%f
%o-八进制数
%s-字符串
%x-十六进制数(小写字母)
%X-十六进制数(大写字母)附加的格式值。必需放置在%和字母之间(例如%.2f):
\+(在数字前面加上+或-来定义数字的正负性。默认情况下,只有负数才做标记,正数不做标记)
'(规定使用什么作为填充,默认是空格。它必须与宽度指定器一起使用。例如:%'x20s(使用"x"作为填充))
\-(左调整变量值)
\[0-9\](规定变量值的最小宽度)
.\[0-9\](规定小数位数或最大字符串长度)注释:如果使用多个上述的格式值,它们必须按照上面的顺序进行使用,不能打乱。
argarray必需。带有参数的一个数组,这些参数会被插到 format 字符串中的 % 符号处。

技术细节

返回值:以格式化字符串的形式返回数组值。PHP 版本:4.1.0+

更多实例

例子 1

使用格式值 %f:

<?php
$num1 = 123;
$num2 = 456;
$txt = vsprintf("%f%f",array($num1,$num2));
echo $txt;
?>
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例子 2

使用占位符:

<?php
$number = 123;
$txt = vsprintf("有两位小数:%1\$.2f<br>没有小数:%1\$u",array($number));
echo $txt;
?>
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例子 3

使用 sprintf() 来演示所有可能的格式值:

<?php
$num1 = 123456789;
$num2 = -123456789;
$char = 50; // ASCII 字符 50 是 2

// 注释:格式值 "%%" 返回百分号
echo sprintf("%%b = %b",$num1)."<br>"; // 二进制数
echo sprintf("%%c = %c",$char)."<br>"; // ASCII 字符
echo sprintf("%%d = %d",$num1)."<br>"; // 带符号的十进制数
echo sprintf("%%d = %d",$num2)."<br>"; // 带符号的十进制数
echo sprintf("%%e = %e",$num1)."<br>"; // 科学计数法(小写)
echo sprintf("%%E = %E",$num1)."<br>"; // 科学计数法(大写)
echo sprintf("%%u = %u",$num1)."<br>"; // 不带符号的十进制数(正)
echo sprintf("%%u = %u",$num2)."<br>"; // 不带符号的十进制数(负)
echo sprintf("%%f = %f",$num1)."<br>"; // 浮点数(视本地设置)
echo sprintf("%%F = %F",$num1)."<br>"; // 浮点数(不视本地设置)
echo sprintf("%%g = %g",$num1)."<br>"; // 短于 %e 和 %f
echo sprintf("%%G = %G",$num1)."<br>"; // 短于 %E 和 %f
echo sprintf("%%o = %o",$num1)."<br>"; // 八进制数
echo sprintf("%%s = %s",$num1)."<br>"; // 字符串
echo sprintf("%%x = %x",$num1)."<br>"; // 十六进制数(小写)
echo sprintf("%%X = %X",$num1)."<br>"; // 十六进制数(大写)
echo sprintf("%%+d = %+d",$num1)."<br>"; // 符号说明符(正)
echo sprintf("%%+d = %+d",$num2)."<br>"; // 符号说明符(负)
?>
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例子 4

字符串说明符的演示:

<?php
$str1 = "Hello";
$str2 = "Hello world!";

echo vsprintf("[%s]",array($str1))."<br>";
echo vsprintf("[%8s]",array($str1))."<br>";
echo vsprintf("[%-8s]",array($str1))."<br>";
echo vsprintf("[%08s]",array($str1))."<br>";
echo vsprintf("[%&#39;*8s]",array($str1))."<br>";
echo vsprintf("[%8.8s]",array($str2))."<br>";
?>
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