Python3 crawler brings cookies

The original meaning of cookie in English is "snack". It is the information stored by the server on the client's hard disk when the client accesses the Web server. It seems to be the "snack" sent by the server to the client. ". The server can track customer status based on cookies, which is particularly useful for occasions where customers need to be distinguished (such as e-commerce).

When the client requests access to the server for the first time, the server first stores a cookie containing the client's relevant information on the client. Every time the client requests access to the server in the future, the cookie will be included in the HTTP request data. The server By parsing the cookie in the HTTP request, you can obtain relevant information about the customer.

Let’s take a look at how to bring cookies to python3 crawlers:

1. Write Cookie directly in the header

# coding:utf-8
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
cookie = '''cisession=19dfd70a27ec0eecf1fe3fc2e48b7f91c7c83c60;CNZZDATA1000201968=181584
6425-1478580135-https%253A%252F%252Fwww.baidu.com%252F%7C1483922031;Hm_lvt_f805f7762a9a2
37a0deac37015e9f6d9=1482722012,1483926313;Hm_lpvt_f805f7762a9a237a0deac37015e9f6d9=14839
26368'''
header = {
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Geck
o) Chrome/53.0.2785.143 Safari/537.36',
'Connection': 'keep-alive',
'accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8',
'Cookie': cookie}
url = 'https://www.jb51.net/article/191947.htm'
wbdata = requests.get(url,headers=header).text
soup = BeautifulSoup(wbdata,'lxml')
print(soup)

2. Use requests Insert Cookie

# coding:utf-8
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
cookie = {
"cisession":"19dfd70a27ec0eecf1fe3fc2e48b7f91c7c83c60",
"CNZZDATA100020196":"1815846425-1478580135-https%253A%252F%252Fwww.baidu.com%252F%7C1483
922031",
"Hm_lvt_f805f7762a9a237a0deac37015e9f6d9":"1482722012,1483926313",
"Hm_lpvt_f805f7762a9a237a0deac37015e9f6d9":"1483926368"
}
url = 'https://www.jb51.net/article/191947.htm'
wbdata = requests.get(url,cookies=cookie).text
soup = BeautifulSoup(wbdata,'lxml')
print(soup)

Example extension:

Use cookies to log in to the Harbin Institute of Technology ACM site

Get the site login address

http:// acm.hit.edu.cn/hoj/system/login

View the post data to be transmitted
user and password

Code:

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
__author__ = 'pi'
__email__ = 'pipisorry@126.com'

"""
import urllib.request, urllib.parse, urllib.error
import http.cookiejar

LOGIN_URL = 'http://acm.hit.edu.cn/hoj/system/login'
values = {'user': '******', 'password': '******'} # , 'submit' : 'Login'
postdata = urllib.parse.urlencode(values).encode()
user_agent = r'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/44.0.2403.157 Safari/537.36'
headers = {'User-Agent': user_agent, 'Connection': 'keep-alive'}

cookie_filename = 'cookie.txt'
cookie = http.cookiejar.MozillaCookieJar(cookie_filename)
handler = urllib.request.HTTPCookieProcessor(cookie)
opener = urllib.request.build_opener(handler)

request = urllib.request.Request(LOGIN_URL, postdata, headers)
try:
  response = opener.open(request)
  page = response.read().decode()
  # print(page)
except urllib.error.URLError as e:
  print(e.code, ':', e.reason)

cookie.save(ignore_discard=True, ignore_expires=True) # 保存cookie到cookie.txt中
print(cookie)
for item in cookie:
  print('Name = ' + item.name)
  print('Value = ' + item.value)

get_url = 'http://acm.hit.edu.cn/hoj/problem/solution/?problem=1' # 利用cookie请求訪问还有一个网址
get_request = urllib.request.Request(get_url, headers=headers)
get_response = opener.open(get_request)
print(get_response.read().decode())
# print('You have not solved this problem' in get_response.read().decode())

Recommended tutorial: " Python Tutorial》

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