Summary of common functions for PHP arrays
1. Basic functions of array operations
数组的键名和值 array_values($arr); 获得数组的值 array_keys($arr); 获得数组的键名 array_flip($arr); 数组中的值与键名互换(如果有重复前面的会被后面的覆盖) in_array("apple",$arr); 在数组中检索apple array_search("apple",$arr); 在数组中检索apple ,如果存在返回键名 array_key_exists("apple",$arr); 检索给定的键名是否存在数组中 isset($arr[apple]): 检索给定的键名是否存在数组中 数组的内部指针 current($arr); 返回数组中的当前单元 pos($arr); 返回数组中的当前单元 key($arr); 返回数组中当前单元的键名 prev($arr); 将数组中的内部指针倒回一位 next($arr); 将数组中的内部指针向前移动一位 end($arr); 将数组中的内部指针指向最后一个单元 reset($arr; 将数组中的内部指针指向第一个单元 each($arr); 将返回数组当前元素的一个键名/值的构造数组,并使数组指针向前移动一位 list($key,$value)=each($arr); 获得数组当前元素的键名和值 数组和变量之间的转换 extract($arr);用于把数组中的元素转换成变量导入到当前文件中,键名当作变量名,值作为变量值 注:(第二个参数很重要,可以看手册使用)使用方法 echo $a; compact(var1,var2,var3);用给定的变量名创建一个数组
2. Array segmentation and filling
数组的分段 array_slice($arr,0,3); 可以将数组中的一段取出,此函数忽略键名 array_splice($arr,0,3,array("black","maroon")); 可以将数组中的一段取出,与上个函数不同在于返回的序列从原数组中删除 分割多个数组 array_chunk($arr,3,TRUE); 可以将一个数组分割成多个,TRUE为保留原数组的键名 数组的填充 array_pad($arr,5,'x'); 将一个数组填补到制定长度
3. Array and stack
array_push($arr,"apple","pear"); 将一个或多个元素压入数组栈的末尾(入栈),返回入栈元素的个数 array_pop($arr); 将数组栈的最后一个元素弹出(出栈)
4. Array and queue
array_shift($arr);数组中的第一个元素移出并作为结果返回(数组长度减1,其他元素向前移动一位,数字键名改为从零技术,文字键名不变) array_unshift($arr,"a",array(1,2));在数组的开头插入一个或多个元素
5. Callback function
array_walk($arr,'function','words'); 使用用户函数对数组中的每个成员进行处理(第三个参数传递给回调函数function) array_mpa("function",$arr1,$arr2); 可以处理多个数组(当使用两个或更多数组时,他们的长度应该相同) array_filter($arr,"function"); 使用回调函数过滤数组中的每个元素,如果回调函数为TRUE,数组的当前元素会被包含在返回的结果数组中,数组的键名保留不变 array_reduce($arr,"function","*"); 转化为单值函数(*为数组的第一个值)
6. Sorting of arrays
通过元素值对数组排序 sort($arr); 由小到大的顺序排序(第二个参数为按什么方式排序)忽略键名的数组排序 rsort($arr); 由大到小的顺序排序(第二个参数为按什么方式排序)忽略键名的数组排序 usort($arr,"function"); 使用用户自定义的比较函数对数组中的值进行排序(function中有两个参数,0表示相等,正数表示第一个大于第二个,负数表示第一个小于第二个)忽略键名的数组排序 asort($arr); 由小到大的顺序排序(第二个参数为按什么方式排序)保留键名的数组排序 arsort($arr); 由大到小的顺序排序(第二个参数为按什么方式排序)保留键名的数组排序 uasort($arr,"function"); 使用用户自定义的比较函数对数组中的值进行排序(function中有两个参数,0表示相等,正数表示第一个大于第二个,负数表示第一个小于第二个)保留键名的数组排序 通过键名对数组排序 ksort($arr); 按照键名正序排序 krsort($arr); 按照键名逆序排序 uksort($arr,"function"); 使用用户自定义的比较函数对数组中的键名进行排序(function中有两个参数,0表示相等,正数表示第一个大于第二个,负数表示第一个小于第二个) 自然排序法排序 natsort($arr); 自然排序(忽略键名) natcasesort($arr); 自然排序(忽略大小写,忽略键名)
7. Calculation of arrays
数组元素的求和 array_sum($arr); 对数组内部的所有元素做求和运算 数组的合并 array_merge($arr1,$arr2); 合并两个或多个数组(相同的字符串键名,后面的覆盖前面的,相同的数字键名,后面的不会做覆盖操作,而是附加到后面) “+”$arr1+$arr2; 对于相同的键名只保留后一个 array_merge_recursive($arr1,$arr2); 递归合并操作,如果数组中有相同的字符串键名,这些值将被合并到一个数组中去。如果一个值本身是一个数组,将按照相应的键名把它合并为另一个数组。当数组 具有相同的数组键名时,后一个值将不会覆盖原来的值,而是附加到后面 数组的差集 array_diff($arr1,$arr2); 返回差集结果数组 array_diff_assoc($arr1,$arr2,$arr3); 返回差集结果数组,键名也做比较 数组的交集 array_intersect($arr1,$arr2); 返回交集结果数组 array_intersect_assoc($arr1,$arr2); 返回交集结果数组,键名也做比较
8. Other arrays Function
range(0,12); 创建一个包含指定范围单元的数组 array_unique($arr); 移除数组中重复的值,新的数组中会保留原始的键名 array_reverse($arr,TRUE); 返回一个单元顺序与原数组相反的数组,如果第二个参数为TRUE保留原来的键名 //srand((float)microtime()*10000000); 随机种子触发器 array_rand($arr,2); 从数组中随机取出一个或 多个元素 shuffle($arr); 将数组的顺序打乱
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