Introduction to Golang serialization and deserialization

The following column will introduce Golang serialization and deserialization to you in the golang tutorial column. I hope it will be helpful to friends in need!

Why serialization and deserialization is necessary

Our data objects need to be encoded and decoded if they are to be transmitted over the network or saved to a file. Actions, there are currently many encoding formats: json, XML, Gob, Google Protocol Buffer, etc. Of course, the Go language also supports all these encoding formats.

Definition of serialization and deserialization

Serialization (Serialization) is the process of converting the state information of an object into a form that can be stored or transmitted. During serialization, an object writes its current state to temporary or persistent storage. By reading the object's state from the storage area and re-creating the object, it is deserialized

Serialization and deserialization rules

Go type                 json type

bool booleans

float64 booleans

float64 numbers

string strings

nil null

When parsing json format data, if interface{} receives data, you need to follow the above Rules are parsed.

Code Demonstration

Deserialization

package main

import (   "encoding/json"
   "fmt")

type People struct {
   name   string  `json:"name"` // name,小写不导出
   Age    int     `json:"age"`  // age
   Gender string `json:"gender"`  // gender   Lesson
}

type Lesson struct {
   Lessons []string `json:"lessons"`
}

func main() {
   jsonstr := `{"Age": 18,"name": "Jim" ,"gender": "男","lessons":["English","History"],"Room":201,"n":null,"b":false}`   // 反序列化   var people People   if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(jsonstr),&people); err == nil {      fmt.Println("struct people:")      fmt.Println(people)
   }   // 反序列化 json 字符串中的一部分   var lessons Lesson   if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(jsonstr),&lessons); err == nil {      fmt.Println("struct lesson:")      fmt.Println(lessons)
   }   // 反序列化 json 字符串数组
   jsonstr = `["English","History"]`
   var str []string
   if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(jsonstr), &str); err == nil {      fmt.Println("struct str：")      fmt.Println(str)
   }
}// 打印结果　　struct people:
　　{ 18 男 {[English History]}}
　　struct lesson:
　　{[English History]}
　　struct str：
　　[English History]

Deserialization

Serialization

package main

import (    "encoding/json"
    "fmt")

type People struct {
    name   string  `json:"name"` // name,小写不导出
    Age    int     `json:"age"`  // age，在 json 字符串中叫 age
    Gender string `json:"gender"`  // gender    Lesson
}

type Lesson struct {
    Lessons []string `json:"lessons"`
}

func main() {
    lesson := Lesson{[]string{"Math","English","Chinese"}}
    people := &People{
        name:   "amy",
        Age:    22,
        Gender: "female",
        Lesson: lesson,
    }    if b, err := json.Marshal(people); err != nil {        fmt.Println("Marshal failed...")
    }else {        fmt.Println(b)        fmt.Println(string(b))
    }
}    // 打印结果
    [123 34 97 103 101 34 58 50 50 44 34 103 101 110 100 101 114 34 58 34 102 101 109 97 108 101 34 44 34 108 101 115 115 111 110 115 34 58 91 34 77 97 116 104 34 44 34 69 110 103 108 105 115 104 34 44 34 67 104 105 110 101 115 101 34 93 125]
{"age":22,"gender":"female","lessons["Math","English","Chinese“}

Serialization

Serialization-->Transfer-->Deserialization

package main

import (    "fmt"
    "encoding/json")

type Student struct {
    Name    string
    Age        int
    Guake    bool
    Classes    []string
    Price    float32
}

func (s * Student)ShowStu() {    fmt.Println("show Student :")    fmt.Println("\tName\t:", s.Name)    fmt.Println("\tAge\t:", s.Age)    fmt.Println("\tGuake\t:", s.Guake)    fmt.Println("\tPrice\t:", s.Price)    fmt.Printf("\tClasses\t: ")    for _, a := range s.Classes {        fmt.Printf("%s ", a)
    }    fmt.Println("")
}

func main() {
    st := &Student {        "Xiao Ming",        16,        true,
        []string{"Math", "English", "Chinese"},        9.99,
    }    fmt.Println("before JSON encoding :")
    st.ShowStu()

    b, err := json.Marshal(st)    if err != nil {        fmt.Println("encoding faild")
    } else {        fmt.Println("encoded data : ")        fmt.Println(b)        fmt.Println(string(b))
    }
    ch := make(chan string, 1)
    go func(c chan string, str string){
        c <- str
    }(ch, string(b))
    strData := <-ch    fmt.Println("--------------------------------")
    stb := &Student{}
    stb.ShowStu()
    err = json.Unmarshal([]byte(strData), &stb)    if err != nil {        fmt.Println("Unmarshal faild")
    } else {        fmt.Println("Unmarshal success")
        stb.ShowStu()
    }
}

Example

json data encoding and decoding

The json package provides Decoder and Encoder types to support common json data stream reading and writing . The NewDecoder and NewEncoder functions encapsulate the io.Reader and io.Writer interfaces respectively.

package main

import (    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
    "os"
    "strings")

type People struct {
    name   string  `json:"name"` // name,小写不导出
    Age    int     `json:"age"`  // age，在 json 字符串中叫 age
    Gender string `json:"gender"`  // gender    Lesson
}

type Lesson struct {
    Lessons []string `json:"lessons"`
}

func main() {

    jsonStr := `{"Age": 18,"name": "Jim" ,"gender": "男","lessons":["English","History"],"Room":201,"n":null,"b":false}`
    strR := strings.NewReader(jsonStr)
    people := &People{}    // 用 NewDecoder && Decode 进行解码给定义好的结构体对象 people
    err := json.NewDecoder(strR).Decode(people)    if err != nil {        fmt.Println(err)
    }    fmt.Printf("%+v",people)   //

    // 用 NewEncoder && Encode 把保存的 people 结构体对象编码为 json 保存到文件
    f, err := os.Create("./people.json")
    json.NewEncoder(f).Encode(people)

}

Example

package main

import (
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
    "os"
    "strings"
)

type People struct {
    name   string  `json:"name"` // name,小写不导出
    Age    int     `json:"age"`  // age，在 json 字符串中叫 age
    Gender string `json:"gender"`  // gender
    Lesson
}

type Lesson struct {
    Lessons []string `json:"lessons"`
}

func main() {

    jsonStr := `{"Age": 18,"name": "Jim" ,"gender": "男","lessons":["English","History"],"Room":201,"n":null,"b":false}`
    strR := strings.NewReader(jsonStr)
    people := &People{}

    // 用 NewDecoder && Decode 进行解码给定义好的结构体对象 people
    err := json.NewDecoder(strR).Decode(people)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
    }
    fmt.Printf("%+v",people)   //

    // 用 NewEncoder && Encode 把保存的 people 结构体对象编码为 json 保存到文件
    f, err := os.Create("./people.json")
    json.NewEncoder(f).Encode(people)

}

示例

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