What does a CNC system consist of?

The CNC system consists of a control system, a servo system and a position measurement system. The control system performs interpolation operations according to the workpiece processing program and issues control instructions to the servo drive system; the servo drive system amplifies the control instructions, and the servo motor drives the machine to move as required; the measurement system detects the movement position or speed of the machine and feeds it back to the control system system to correct the control instructions.

CNC system is the abbreviation of digital control system, and its English name is (Numerical Control System). It executes some or all of the values ​​​​according to the control program stored in the computer memory. Control function, and equipped with interface circuit and servo drive device dedicated computer system. The action control of one or more mechanical equipment is realized by using digital instructions composed of numbers, words and symbols. What it controls is usually mechanical quantities and switching quantities such as position, angle, speed and so on.

CNC systems and related automation products are mainly used for CNC machine tools. CNC machine tools are mechatronic products formed by the penetration of new technologies represented by CNC systems into the traditional machinery manufacturing industry: machine tools equipped with CNC systems greatly improve the accuracy, speed and efficiency of part processing. This CNC machine tool is one of the important material foundations of national industrial modernization.

Composition of CNC system

Generally, the entire CNC system consists of three parts, namely the control system, the servo system and the position measurement system.

The control system performs interpolation operations according to the workpiece processing program and sends control instructions to the servo drive system; the servo drive system amplifies the control instructions, and the servo motor drives the machine to move as required; the measurement system detects the movement position of the machine or speed and feedback to the control system to correct the control instructions. These three parts are organically combined to form a complete closed-loop control CNC system.

The control system is mainly composed of bus, CPU, power supply, memory, operation panel and display screen, position control unit, programmable controller logic control unit and data input/output interface.

The latest generation of CNC systems also includes a communication unit, which can complete the internal data communication of CNC and PLC and the connection of external high-order networks. The servo drive system mainly includes servo drive device and motor. Position measurement systems mainly use incremental displacement encoders with long gratings or circular gratings.

The above is the detailed content of What does a CNC system consist of?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!