Get file operations in Python
Python Video Tutorial column introduces related file operations.
Any language is inseparable from the operation of files, so how does the Python language operate and manage files.
Encoding method
The history of encoding method is roughly ASCII
->gb2312
->unicode
-> utf-8
, for detailed information during this period, please refer to Baidu
to give a small example of encoding and decoding. Remember that Chinese can be used for GBK
and utf-8
Encoding, in GBk
one Chinese character corresponds to two bytes, in utf-8
one Chinese character corresponds to three bytes, Chinese cannot be processed ASCII
coding.
>>> '刘润森'.encode('GBK') b'\xc1\xf5\xc8\xf3\xc9\xad' >>> '刘润森'.encode('ascii') Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode characters in position 0-2: ordinal not in range(128) >>> 'Runsen'.encode('ascii') b'Runsen' >>> "刘润森".encode('utf-8') b'\xe5\x88\x98\xe6\xb6\xa6\xe6\xa3\xae' >>> '刘润森'.encode('GBK').decode('GBK') '刘润森' >>> '刘润森'.encode('GBK').decode('utf-8') UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf-8' codec can't decode byte 0xc1 in position 0: invalid start byte复制代码
If the encoding and decoding formats are inconsistent, garbled characters may appear. encode means encoding and decode means decoding.
File operation API
The following is the specific API for Python file operation.
Method | Meaning |
---|---|
open | |
read | |
write | |
Close | |
Single line reading | |
Multi-line reading | |
File pointer operation | |
Read the current Pointer position |
open() function has several parameters available when opening a file. However, only the first two parameters are most commonly used.
open(file, mode='r', buffering=-1, encoding=None, errors=None, newline=None, closefd=True, opener=None)
f=open('test.txt',encoding='utf-8') #打开文件 data=f.read() #读取文件 print(data) f.close() #关闭文件 复制代码
meaning | |
---|---|
Text mode, read | |
Binary mode, read | |
Text mode, write | |
Binary mode, write | |
Text mode, append | |
Binary mode, append | |
Readable and writable |
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