What is the basis for classifying computers internationally?

International classification of computers is based on computer performance. Computers can be divided into supercomputers, mainframe computers, minicomputers, microcomputers, workstations and servers.

#Internationally, computers are classified based on their performance.

Internationally, computers are divided into supercomputers, mainframe computers, minicomputers, microcomputers, workstations and servers based on their performance.

Related introduction:

Computer, commonly known as computer, is a modern electronic computing machine used for high-speed calculations. It can perform numerical calculations and logic. Calculation, and also has storage and memory functions. It is a modern intelligent electronic device that can run according to the program and process massive data automatically and at high speed.

It is composed of a hardware system and a software system. A computer without any software installed is called a bare metal computer. It can be divided into five categories: supercomputer, industrial control computer, network computer, personal computer, and embedded computer. The more advanced computers include biological computers, photon computers, quantum computers, etc.

Computer inventor John von Neumann. The computer is one of the most advanced scientific and technological inventions in the 20th century. It has had an extremely important impact on human production activities and social activities, and is developing rapidly with strong vitality. Its application fields have expanded from its initial application in military scientific research to various fields of society. It has formed a huge computer industry, driven technological progress on a global scale, and triggered profound social changes. Computers have been used in general schools and enterprises. Public institutions have entered the homes of ordinary people and become an indispensable tool in the information society.

Computer applications are becoming more and more common in China. After the reform and opening up, the number of Chinese computer users continues to rise, and the application level continues to improve. In particular, applications in the Internet, communications, multimedia and other fields have achieved good results. From 1996 to 2009, the number of computer users increased from 6.3 million to 67.1 million, and the number of networked computers increased from 29,000 to 59.4 million. Internet users have reached 316 million, and wireless Internet users have 670 million mobile users, including 117 million mobile Internet users, ranking first in the world.

The 1st generation: tube digital machine (1946-1958)

In terms of hardware, the logic components use vacuum tubes, and the main memory uses mercury delay lines and cathodes. Ray oscilloscope tube electrostatic memory, magnetic drum, magnetic core; external memory uses magnetic tape. The software uses machine language and assembly language. The application fields are mainly military and scientific computing.

The disadvantages are large size, high power consumption and poor reliability. The speed is slow (generally thousands to tens of thousands of times per second) and expensive, but it lays the foundation for future computer development.

2nd Generation: Transistor Digital Machine (1958-1964)

Software operating systems, high-level languages ​​and their compiler application fields are based on scientific computing and transactions Mainly processing, and began to enter the field of industrial control. It is characterized by reduced size, reduced energy consumption, improved reliability, increased computing speed (generally 100,000 operations per second, and can be as high as 3 million operations), and performance that is greatly improved compared to the first generation computers.

3rd Generation: Integrated Circuit Digital Machine (1964-1970)

In terms of hardware, the logic components use medium and small scale integrated circuits (MSI, SSI). Main memory still uses magnetic cores. In terms of software, time-sharing operating systems and structured and large-scale programming methods have emerged. It is characterized by faster speed (generally millions to tens of millions of times per second), reliability has been significantly improved, prices have further dropped, and products have become generalized, serialized and standardized. Application fields began to enter the fields of word processing and graphics and image processing.

4th Generation: Large Scale Integrated Circuit Computer (1970 to present)

In terms of hardware, logic components use large-scale and very large-scale integrated circuits (LSI and VLSI) . In terms of software, database management systems, network management systems and object-oriented languages ​​have emerged. In 1971, the world's first microprocessor was born in Silicon Valley, USA, ushering in a new era of microcomputers. The application fields are gradually moving from scientific computing, transaction management, and process control to the home.

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