What is the function of arithmetic unit

The functions of the arithmetic unit are the four arithmetic operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, logical operations such as AND, OR, NOT, and XOR, as well as operations such as shifts, comparisons, and transmissions. The arithmetic unit is a functional component in the computer that processes data. Data processing mainly includes arithmetic operations on data and logical operations on logical data; therefore, the core function of the arithmetic unit is to implement arithmetic and logical operations on data.

#The operating environment of this article: Windows 7 system, Dell G3 computer.

Arithmetic unit: arithmetic unit, a component in a computer that performs various arithmetic and logical operations.

Main functions of the operator: the four arithmetic operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, logical operations such as AND, OR, NOT, and XOR, as well as operations such as shifts, comparisons, and transmissions.

The arithmetic unit consists of an arithmetic logic unit (ALU), an accumulator, a status register, a general-purpose register group, etc. The basic functions of the Arithmetic Logic Operation Unit (ALU) are the four arithmetic operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, logical operations such as AND, OR, NOT, and XOR, as well as operations such as shift and complement. When the computer is running, the operations and types of operations of the arithmetic units are determined by the controller. The data processed by the operator comes from the memory; the processed result data is usually sent back to the memory or temporarily stored in the operator. Together with the Control Unit, it forms the core part of the CPU.

The calculator is a functional component in the computer that processes data. Data processing mainly includes arithmetic operations on data and logical operations on logical data. Therefore, realizing arithmetic and logical operations on data is the core function of the arithmetic unit.

The processing object of the operator is data, so the data length and computer data display method have a great impact on the performance of the operator.

Most general-purpose computers in the 1970s used 16, 32, and 64 bits as the length of data processed by arithmetic units. An operator that can process all bits of a data operator together is called a parallel operator. If only one bit is processed at a time, it is called a serial operator. The operator divides a complete data into several segments for calculation, which is called a serial/parallel operator.

Extended information

The number of operations and operating speed that the arithmetic unit can perform indicates the strength of the arithmetic unit and even the ability of the computer itself. . The most basic operation of the arithmetic unit is addition. Adding a number to zero simply transfers the number.

Completing the code of one number and adding it to another number is equivalent to subtracting the previous number from the latter number. Subtract two numbers to compare their sizes.

Left and right shifting is the basic operation of the arithmetic unit. In signed numbers, the sign does not move and only the data bits are shifted. If the data is moved together with all the bits of the symbol, it is called a logical shift. If the highest bit and lowest bit of data are linked to perform a logical shift, it is called circular shift.

The logical operations of the arithmetic unit can perform bitwise AND, XOR, and negation of each bit of one data. Some operators can also perform 16 logical operations on binary codes.

Multiplication and division operations are more complicated. Many computer arithmetic units can perform these operations directly. The multiplication operation is based on the addition operation. The decoding of one or more bits of the multiplier controls the sequential generation of partial products, and the partial products are added to obtain the product. The division method is often based on multiplication, that is, a number of factors are selected to be multiplied by the divisor, and the quotient is obtained by multiplying these factors by the dividend.

Computers that do not have hardware for multiplication and division can use programs to complete multiplication and division, but the speed is much slower. Some calculators can also perform complex operations such as finding the maximum number in a batch of numbers, continuously performing the same operation on a batch of data, and finding square roots.

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