Who proposed the principle of stored program control?

The person who proposed the principle of stored program control is "Von Neumann". The famous Hungarian American mathematician von Neumann summarized the experience in the development process of ENIAC and proposed the principle of stored program control. The key points of stored program control are: the number system of digital computers uses binary; the computer should execute according to the program sequence.

The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows 7 system, Dell G3 computer.

The person who proposed the principle of stored program control is "Von Neumann".

In the mid-1930s, von Neumann boldly proposed to abandon the decimal system and adopt binary as the basis of the number system for digital computers. At the same time, he also said that calculation programs are pre-programmed, and then the computer performs numerical calculations according to the calculation sequence set by people in advance.

Von Neumann and his colleagues designed a complete prototype of a modern computer and determined the five major components and basic working methods of a stored program computer. This design idea of ​​von Neumann is hailed as a milestone in the history of computer development and marks the true beginning of the computer era.

Von Neumann successfully applied his theory to the design of computers. The computer built based on this principle is called the von Neumann structure computer, the world's first von Neumann computer. The Mann-type computer was EDSAC developed by Cambridge University in 1949, which absorbed von Neumann's design ideas. Due to his outstanding contribution to modern computer technology, von Neumann is also known as the "Father of Computers". The principle of program control is also called the von Neumann principle.

Working principle

First, the program and data are sent into the memory through the input and output devices. General memory is divided into many [2] storage units, each storage unit has an address number, so that programs and data are stored in a certain order, and the memory is also divided into several areas, such as a dedicated program storage area. and a data area dedicated to storing data. Secondly, to execute the program, you must start from the first instruction and execute it one by one.

Under normal circumstances, the addresses are executed in order from small to large. When a conditional transfer instruction is encountered, the order of execution is changed. Every time an instruction is executed, it must go through three steps: the first step is to send the instruction from the memory to the decoder, which is called an instruction fetch; the second step is to decompose the instruction into opcodes and operands to generate Corresponding various control signals are sent to various electrical components; in the third step, corresponding operations are performed. This process is controlled by electronic circuits to achieve automatic and continuous work. When running, the controller fetches the instructions stored in the internal memory in address order (access instructions in address order), then analyzes the instructions and executes the function of the instructions. When a transfer instruction is encountered, it transfers to the transfer address, and then in address order access instructions.

Theoretical points

The idea of ​​stored program - describe the calculation process as a program composed of many commands in a certain order, and then input the program and data into the computer together, After the computer processes the stored programs and data, it outputs the results.

The key points of stored program control are: the number system of digital computers adopts binary; the computer should execute according to the program sequence.

A computer based on a stored program control structure must have the following functions:

1. Send the required programs and data to the computer;

2. It must have long-term The ability to memorize programs, data, intermediate results and final operation results;

3. The ability to complete various arithmetic, logical operations and data transmission and other data processing;

4. The ability to perform data processing according to It is necessary to control the direction of the program and be able to control the coordinated operations of various parts of the machine according to instructions;

5. Be able to output the processing results to the user as required.

In order to complete the above functions, the computer must have five basic components, including:

1. Input devices for inputting data and programs;

2. Memory programs and data The memory;

3. The arithmetic unit that completes the data processing;

4. The controller that controls the execution of the program;

5. The output device that outputs the processing results.

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