Document Object Model (DOM) is an interface that treats HTML or XML documents as a tree structure, in which each Each node is an object of the document. DOM also provides a set of methods to query the tree, change structure, and style.
DOM also uses the term element (Element) which is very similar to a node. So, what is the difference between DOM nodes and elements?
1. DOM nodes
The key to understanding the difference between nodes and elements is to understand what a node is.
From a higher perspective, a DOM document consists of a node hierarchy. Each node can have parents and/or children.
Look at the following HTML document:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>My Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<!-- Page Body -->
<h2>My Page</h2>
<p id="content">Thank you for visiting my web page!</p>
</body>
</html>Copy after login
The document contains the following node hierarchy:
## is a node in the document tree. It has 2 child nodes:
and . A node with 3 child nodes: Comment node , Title< h2>
, paragraph . The parent node of the
node is the node. The tag in the HTML document represents a node. Interestingly, ordinary text is also a node. Paragraph node
has 1 child node: text node "Thank you for visiting my web page!".
1.2 Node Type
How do we distinguish these different types of nodes? The answer lies in the DOM Node interface, specifically the
Node.nodeType attribute.
Node.nodeType can have one of the following values representing the node type:
Node.ELEMENT_NODENode.ATTRIBUTE_NODE-
Node.TEXT_NODENode.CDATA_SECTION_NODENode.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODENode.COMMENT_NODENode.DOCUMENT_NODENode. DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODENode.DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT_NODENode.NOTATION_NODE
constants meaningfully indicate node types: for example
Node.ELEMENT_NODE represents element nodes, Node.TEXT_NODE represents the text node, Node.DOCUMENT_NODE the document node, and so on.
For example, let us select the paragraph node and view its
nodeType attribute:
const paragraph = document.querySelector('p');
paragraph.nodeType === Node.ELEMENT_NODE; // => true
Copy after login
The node type that represents the entire node document tree is
Node.DOCUMENT_NODE：
document.nodeType === Node.DOCUMENT_NODE; // => true
Copy after login
2. DOM elements
After mastering the knowledge of DOM nodes, it is now time to distinguish between DOM nodes and elements.
If you understand node terminology, the answer is obvious: elements are nodes of a specific type
element (Node.ELEMENT_NODE), as well as types such as document, comment, text, etc.
In short, elements are nodes written using markup in an HTML document.
,
, <code>, </code><body><code>, </code><h2> ;<code>, </code><p><code> are all elements because they are represented by tags. </code></p>Document type, comment, text nodes are not elements because they are not written using tags: <p></p><p>Node<code> is the constructor of the node, </code>HTMLElement<code> is Constructor for elements in JS DOM. A paragraph is both a node and an element, it is an instance of both </code>Node<code> and </code>HTMLElement<code></code><div class="code" style="position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;"><pre class="brush:js;toolbar:false;">const paragraph = document.querySelector('p');
paragraph instanceof Node; // => true
paragraph instanceof HTMLElement; // => true</pre><div class="contentsignin">Copy after login</div></div></p> Simply put, elements are subtypes of nodes, just like cats are animals The subtypes are the same. <p></p><h2 id="item-3">3. DOM attributes: nodes and elements<strong></strong></h2>In addition to distinguishing between nodes and elements, it is also necessary to distinguish between DOM attributes that contain only nodes or only elements. <p></p>The following properties of the node type evaluate to a node or collection of nodes (<p>NodeList<code>): </code><div class="code" style="position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;"><pre class="brush:js;toolbar:false;">node.parentNode; // Node or null
node.firstChild; // Node or null
node.lastChild; // Node or null
node.childNodes; // NodeList</pre><div class="contentsignin">Copy after login</div></div></p> However, the following properties evaluate to an element or collection of elements (<p>HTMLCollection<code>): </code><div class="code" style="position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;"><pre class="brush:js;toolbar:false;">node.parentElement; // HTMLElement or null
node.children; // HTMLCollection</pre><div class="contentsignin">Copy after login</div></div></p> Since both <p>node.childNodes<code> and node.children return a list of children, why do you have both properties? good question! </code></p>Consider the following paragraph element that contains some text: <p><div class="code" style="position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;"><pre class="brush:js;toolbar:false;"><p>
<b>Thank you</b> for visiting my web page!
</p></pre><div class="contentsignin">Copy after login</div></div></p>Open the <p>demo<a href="https://jsitor.com/3mPwoSVbYh" rel="nofollow"> and look at the </a>childNodes<code> and </code>children# of the paragraph node ##Properties: <code><div class="code" style="position:relative; padding:0px; margin:0px;"><pre class="brush:js;toolbar:false;">const paragraph = document.querySelector(&#39;p&#39;);
paragraph.childNodes; // NodeList: [HTMLElement, Text]
paragraph.children; // HTMLCollection: [HTMLElement]</pre><div class="contentsignin">Copy after login</div></div>paragraph.childNodes<p>The collection contains 2 nodes: <code><b>Thank you</b></code>, and <code>for visiting my web page!</code>Text node! <code></code>However, the </p>paragraph.children<p> collection contains only 1 item: <code><b>Thank you</b></code>. <code></code>Since </p>paragraph.children<p> only contains elements, the text node is not included here because its type is text (<code>Node.TEXT_NODE</code>), not element (<code>Node.ELEMENT_NODE</code>). <code><p>Having both <code>node.childNodes</code> and <code>node.children</code>, we can choose the set of children to access: all child nodes or only children that are elements. </p>
<h2 id="item-4"><strong>4. Summary</strong></h2>
<p>A DOM document is a hierarchical collection of nodes, each node can have parents and/or children. Understanding the difference between DOM nodes and elements is easy if you understand what nodes are. </p>
<p>Nodes have types, and element types are one of them. Elements are represented by tags in HTML documents. </p>
<blockquote>
<p>English original address: https://dmitripautin.com/dom-node-element/</p>
<p>Author: Shadeed</p>
<p>Source: dmitripavlutin</p>
</blockquote>
<p>For more programming-related knowledge, please visit: <a href="https://www.php.cn/course.html" target="_blank" textvalue="编程教学">Programming Teaching</a>! ! </p></code></p><p>The above is the detailed content of Dom node vs element, what is the difference between the two?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!</p> </div>
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