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PHP面相对象中的重载与重写_php技巧

May 25, 2016 pm 05:13 PM
php rewrite Overload

本文主要介绍了PHP面相对象中的重载与重写。具有很好的参考价值,下面跟着小编一起来看下吧

重写Overriding是父类与子类之间多态性的一种表现,重载Overloading是一个类中多态性的一种表现。Overloaded的方法是可以改变返回值的类型。也就是说,重载的返回值类型可以相同也可以不同。

重载(Overloading)

a、方法重载是让类以统一的方式处理不同类型数据的一种手段。多个同名函数同时存在,具有不同的参数个数/类型。重载Overloading是一个类中多态性的一种表现。

b、Java的方法重载,就是在类中可以创建多个方法,它们具有相同的名字,但具有不同的参数和不同的定义。调用方法时通过传递给它们的不同参数个数和参数类型来决定具体使用哪个方法, 这就是多态性。

c 、重载的时候,方法名要一样,但是参数类型和个数不一样,返回值类型可以相同也可以不相同。无法以返回型别作为重载函数的区分标准。

2、重写(Overriding)

a、父类与子类之间的多态性,对父类的函数进行重新定义。如果在子类中定义某方法与其父类有相同的名称和参数,我们说该方法被重写 (Overriding)。在Java中子类可继承父类中的方法,而不需要重新编写相同的方法。但有时子类并不想原封不动地继承父类的方法,而是想作一定的修改,这就需要采用方法的重写。方法重写又称方法覆盖。

b、若子类中的方法与父类中的某一方法具有相同的方法名、返回类型和参数表,则新方法将覆盖原有的方法。**如需父类中原有的方法,可使用super关键字,该关键字引用了当前类的父类**。

c、子类函数的访问修饰权限不能少于父类的;

如果父类成员方法的名字、返回类型、参数类型以及个数完全相同,只是其内部的代码不同,在Java中将这种重写方式叫做成员方法重构

子类中可以重新调整父类方法中的权限(从小气到大方)、扩展或者重新调整父类的功能等等,从而往往让子类青处于蓝,而胜于蓝。在开发过程中,程序开发人员要使用好子类的这些特性。不过从另一种角度讲,也需要对子类的权限进行一定的限制。在必要的时候要在父类中对某些方法进行权限的控制,防止其被子类滥用。

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