Detailed explanation of Mysql dual-machine hot standby installation steps

Mysql dual-machine hot standby installation

1. Install mysql

#tar -xf mysql-5.7.18-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar 
#yum localinstall *.rpm

1.1 Modify mysql configuration

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
tmpdir=/tmp

[client]
default-character-set=utf8mb4

[mysqld]
character_set_server=utf8mb4

1.2 Permission modification

[root@172 ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data
[root@172 ~]# chmod 777 -R /data/
[root@172 ~]# chmod -R 777 /tmp

1.3 Start the mysql service

[root@172 ~]# service mysqld restart
Stopping mysqld:                                           [FAILED]
Initializing MySQL database:                               [  OK  ]
Installing validate password plugin:                       [  OK  ]
Starting mysqld:                                           [  OK  ]

1.4 Check the temp password

more /var/log/mysqld.log |grep temporary

1.5 Modify the root password

db1

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '*****';
flush privileges;
exit;

db2

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '*****';
flush privileges;
exit;

2. Configure master-slave synchronization

master1	172.28.8.187
master2	172.28.8.188

2.1 Configure the password master1 gives master2 to log in

Master1

create user 'repl' identified by '*****';
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'repl'@'172.28.8.188' IDENTIFIED BY '*****';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
mysql> create database mydb default charset utf8;

Test repuser at 172.28.8.188 Can I log in to the database on 172.28.8.187

mysql -urepl -p -h172.28.8.187

2.1.1 Master1 configures my.cnf

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/data/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
tmpdir=/tmp
character_set_server=utf8mb4

server-id=177
log-bin=/var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log
read-only=0
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
binlog-ignore-db=information_schema
expire_logs_days= 365
auto-increment-increment = 2
auto-increment-offset = 1

[client]
default-character-set=utf8mb4

2.2 Master2 configures my.cnf

#除server-id外，其他与master1保持一致

2.2.1 Master2 to Master1 Create an account password and authorize

create user 'repl' identified by '*****';
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'repl'@'172.28.8.187' IDENTIFIED BY '*****';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

2.3 View Master synchronization status

master1

mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB         | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 |      154 | mydb         | mysql,information_schema |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

master2

mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB         | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 |      154 | mydb         | mysql,information_schema |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

Set master1 to synchronize from master2

mysql>CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='172.28.8.188',MASTER_PORT=3306,MASTER_USER='repl',MASTER_PASSWORD='b4l:GGtG3s0*',MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000002',MASTER_LOG_POS=860;
mysql> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G
mysql> START SLAVE;
mysql> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G

Set master2 to synchronize from master1

mysql>CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='172.28.8.187',MASTER_PORT=3306,MASTER_USER='repl',MASTER_PASSWORD='2S1*8pr+BzqH^8T`',MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000003',MASTER_LOG_POS=1497;
mysql> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G
mysql> START SLAVE;
mysql> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G

If the following two items appear, the configuration is successful !

           Slave_IO_Running: Yes
           Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

3. Dual-master synchronization test

Enter the master1 mysql database

mysql>  create database crm;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>  use crm;
Database changed
mysql>  create table employee(id int auto_increment,name varchar(10),primary key(id));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>  insert into employee(name) values('a');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>  insert into employee(name) values('b');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>  insert into employee(name) values('c');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.06 sec)

mysql>  select * from employee;
+----+------+
| id | name |
+----+------+
|  1 | a    |
|  3 | b    |
|  5 | c    |
+----+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Enter master2 and check whether there is a crm database and employee table.

mysql>  show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| crm                |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>  use crm;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql>  show tables;
+---------------+
| Tables_in_crm |
+---------------+
| employee      |
+---------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>  select * from employee;
+----+------+
| id | name |
+----+------+
|  1 | a    |
|  3 | b    |
|  5 | c    |
+----+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>  insert into employee(name) values('d');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>  select * from employee;
+----+------+
| id | name |
+----+------+
|  1 | a    |
|  3 | b    |
|  5 | c    |
|  7 | d    |
+----+------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Check in master1 whether there is data just inserted in master2.

mysql>  select * from employee;
+----+------+
| id | name |
+----+------+
|  1 | a    |
|  3 | b    |
|  5 | c    |
|  7 | d    |
+----+------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Recommended learning: "mysql video tutorial"

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