


How to check which users are there in Linux
linux查看有哪些用户的方法:1、执行“cat /etc/passwd”命令,打印用户列表信息;2、执行“getent passwd”命令,打印用户列表信息;3、执行“compgen -u”命令,打印用户名列表信息。
本教程操作环境:linux5.9.8系统、Dell G3电脑。
方法 1 :打印 /etc/passwd
文件
使用任何一个像 cat、more、less 等文件操作命令来打印 Linux 系统上创建的用户列表。
/etc/passwd
是一个文本文件,其中包含了登录 Linux 系统所必需的每个用户的信息。它保存用户的有用信息,如用户名、密码、用户 ID、群组 ID、用户 ID 信息、用户的家目录和 Shell 。
/etc/passwd
文件将每个用户的详细信息写为一行,其中包含七个字段,每个字段之间用冒号 :
分隔:
# cat /etc/passwd root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nologin postfix:x:89:89::/var/spool/postfix:/sbin/nologin sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin tcpdump:x:72:72::/:/sbin/nologin 2gadmin:x:500:10::/home/viadmin:/bin/bash apache:x:48:48:Apache:/var/www:/sbin/nologin zabbix:x:498:499:Zabbix Monitoring System:/var/lib/zabbix:/sbin/nologin mysql:x:497:502::/home/mysql:/bin/bash zend:x:502:503::/u01/zend/zend/gui/lighttpd:/sbin/nologin rpc:x:32:32:Rpcbind Daemon:/var/cache/rpcbind:/sbin/nologin 2daygeek:x:503:504::/home/2daygeek:/bin/bash named:x:25:25:Named:/var/named:/sbin/nologin mageshm:x:506:507:2g Admin - Magesh M:/home/mageshm:/bin/bash
7 个字段的详细信息如下:
用户名 (
magesh
): 已创建用户的用户名,字符长度 1 个到 12 个字符。密码(
x
):代表加密密码保存在 `/etc/shadow 文件中。**用户 ID(
506
):代表用户的 ID 号,每个用户都要有一个唯一的 ID 。UID 号为 0 的是为 root 用户保留的,UID 号 1 到 99 是为系统用户保留的,UID 号 100-999 是为系统账户和群组保留的。**群组 ID (
507
):代表群组的 ID 号,每个群组都要有一个唯一的 GID ,保存在 /etc/group文件中。**用户信息(
2g Admin - Magesh M
):代表描述字段,可以用来描述用户的信息(LCTT 译注:此处原文疑有误)。**家目录(
/home/mageshm
):代表用户的家目录。**Shell(
/bin/bash
):代表用户使用的 shell 类型。
你可以使用 awk 或 cut 命令仅打印出 Linux 系统中所有用户的用户名列表。显示的结果是相同的。
# awk -F':' '{ print $1}' /etc/passwd or # cut -d: -f1 /etc/passwd root bin daemon adm lp sync shutdown halt mail ftp postfix sshd tcpdump 2gadmin apache zabbix mysql zend rpc 2daygeek named mageshm
方法 2 :使用 getent
命令
getent
命令显示 Name Service Switch 库支持的数据库中的条目。这些库的配置文件为 /etc/nsswitch.conf
。
getent
命令显示类似于 /etc/passwd
文件的用户详细信息,它将每个用户详细信息显示为包含七个字段的单行。
# getent passwd root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nologin postfix:x:89:89::/var/spool/postfix:/sbin/nologin sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin tcpdump:x:72:72::/:/sbin/nologin 2gadmin:x:500:10::/home/viadmin:/bin/bash apache:x:48:48:Apache:/var/www:/sbin/nologin zabbix:x:498:499:Zabbix Monitoring System:/var/lib/zabbix:/sbin/nologin mysql:x:497:502::/home/mysql:/bin/bash zend:x:502:503::/u01/zend/zend/gui/lighttpd:/sbin/nologin rpc:x:32:32:Rpcbind Daemon:/var/cache/rpcbind:/sbin/nologin 2daygeek:x:503:504::/home/2daygeek:/bin/bash named:x:25:25:Named:/var/named:/sbin/nologin mageshm:x:506:507:2g Admin - Magesh M:/home/mageshm:/bin/bash
7 个字段的详细信息如上所述。(LCTT 译注:此处内容重复,删节)
你同样可以使用 awk 或 cut 命令仅打印出 Linux 系统中所有用户的用户名列表。显示的结果是相同的。
方法 3 :使用 compgen
命令
compgen
是 bash 的内置命令,它将显示所有可用的命令,别名和函数。
# compgen -u root bin daemon adm lp sync shutdown halt mail ftp postfix sshd tcpdump 2gadmin apache zabbix mysql zend rpc 2daygeek named mageshm
相关推荐:《Linux视频教程》
The above is the detailed content of How to check which users are there in Linux. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator
Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1
Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics



To open a web.xml file, you can use the following methods: Use a text editor (such as Notepad or TextEdit) to edit commands using an integrated development environment (such as Eclipse or NetBeans) (Windows: notepad web.xml; Mac/Linux: open -a TextEdit web.xml)

Multithreading in the language can greatly improve program efficiency. There are four main ways to implement multithreading in C language: Create independent processes: Create multiple independently running processes, each process has its own memory space. Pseudo-multithreading: Create multiple execution streams in a process that share the same memory space and execute alternately. Multi-threaded library: Use multi-threaded libraries such as pthreads to create and manage threads, providing rich thread operation functions. Coroutine: A lightweight multi-threaded implementation that divides tasks into small subtasks and executes them in turn.

Linux is best used as server management, embedded systems and desktop environments. 1) In server management, Linux is used to host websites, databases, and applications, providing stability and reliability. 2) In embedded systems, Linux is widely used in smart home and automotive electronic systems because of its flexibility and stability. 3) In the desktop environment, Linux provides rich applications and efficient performance.

DebianLinux is known for its stability and security and is widely used in server, development and desktop environments. While there is currently a lack of official instructions on direct compatibility with Debian and Hadoop, this article will guide you on how to deploy Hadoop on your Debian system. Debian system requirements: Before starting Hadoop configuration, please make sure that your Debian system meets the minimum operating requirements of Hadoop, which includes installing the necessary Java Runtime Environment (JRE) and Hadoop packages. Hadoop deployment steps: Download and unzip Hadoop: Download the Hadoop version you need from the official ApacheHadoop website and solve it

Do I need to install an Oracle client when connecting to an Oracle database using Go? When developing in Go, connecting to Oracle databases is a common requirement...

"DebianStrings" is not a standard term, and its specific meaning is still unclear. This article cannot directly comment on its browser compatibility. However, if "DebianStrings" refers to a web application running on a Debian system, its browser compatibility depends on the technical architecture of the application itself. Most modern web applications are committed to cross-browser compatibility. This relies on following web standards and using well-compatible front-end technologies (such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and back-end technologies (such as PHP, Python, Node.js, etc.). To ensure that the application is compatible with multiple browsers, developers often need to conduct cross-browser testing and use responsiveness

I developed a project called Lua-Libuv and am happy to share my experience. The original intention of the project is to explore how to use Libuv (an asynchronous I/O library written in C) to build a simple HTTP server without having to learn the C language in depth. With the help of ChatGPT, I completed the basic code of HTTP.C. When dealing with persistent connections, I successfully implemented closing the connection and freeing resources at the right time. At first I tried to create a simple server that ended the main program by closing the connection, but I had some problems. I've tried sending blocks of data using streaming, and while it works, this blocks the main thread. In the end, I decided to give up on this approach because my goal was not to learn C language in depth. Finally, I

The main reasons why you cannot log in to MySQL as root are permission problems, configuration file errors, password inconsistent, socket file problems, or firewall interception. The solution includes: check whether the bind-address parameter in the configuration file is configured correctly. Check whether the root user permissions have been modified or deleted and reset. Verify that the password is accurate, including case and special characters. Check socket file permission settings and paths. Check that the firewall blocks connections to the MySQL server.
