what is oracle DBA-Oracle-php.cn

Oracle DBA refers to the Oracle database administrator, which is the collective name for relevant staff engaged in managing and maintaining the Oracle database management system; it is mainly responsible for the full life cycle management of business databases from design, testing to deployment and delivery. The core goal is to ensure the stability, security, integrity and high performance of the database management system.

what is oracle DBA

The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows 7 system, Oracle 11g version, Dell G3 computer.

oracle DBA refers to the oracle database administrator.

DBA (Database Administrator, "Database Administrator") is the collective name for relevant staff engaged in managing and maintaining database management systems (DBMS), and belongs to operation and maintenance engineers. a branch.

DBA is mainly responsible for the full life cycle management of business databases from design, testing to deployment and delivery. Its core goal is to ensure the stability, security, integrity and high performance of the database management system.

In foreign countries, some companies also refer to DBAs as database engineers. The work content of the two is basically the same, both of which are to ensure the stable and efficient operation of database services 24 hours a day.

DBA is different from database development engineers. The main responsibility of DBA is to operate and manage the database management system, focusing on operation and maintenance management. The main responsibility of a database development engineer is to design and develop database management systems and database application software systems, focusing on software research and development.

DBA is mainly responsible for the following aspects:

Design database, including tables and fields
Monitor and monitor database log
Database backup and recovery
Management of database user passwords and permissions/database security
Check Whether the SQL statement conforms to the specification

oracle DBA management tool

1、OSW

if , as an Oracle maintenance engineer, you should at least install one tool in the system you maintain, so I recommend this first. It's like a camera on the top of a bank's automatic teller machine. It silently records everything in your operating system. You can take a look at it at any time when you need to review it.

In order to save space, it will separately package the hourly information into a gzip compressed file. You can decompress it according to which time period it is. Many times, anomalies appear in a certain system in the middle of the night, and they don't officially break out until work. If OSW is installed casually, the problem will be solved very quickly. Another tool with similar functions to OSW is nmon, but it is only available on AIX and Linux platforms. If you master OSW and oratop, nmon can also be retired.

2. oratop

As the name suggests, oratop pays tribute to top, displaying database-related information in real time in a display method similar to the top command in Unix/Linux.

It is worth mentioning that it not only supports single-instance databases, but also supports RAC, Active DG, and 12c multi-tenant databases.

oratop is so easy to use. Without further explanation of its functions, you can just use it.

3. ora

Unlike oratop, ora is completely responsive and integrates many functional queries that require a long series of SQL statements. This tool was originally developed by Oracle. During use, DBAs can add new function points according to their own needs. During the problem analysis process, they can quickly learn the situation of the database objects and make corresponding processing decisions:

For example, if the CPU of a certain system suddenly soars, you can use ora active|wc -l to see how many active statements there are, and you can use ora active|grep sequen to see which SQLs are waiting for sequential reading at the same time. You can see the specific SQL statement through ora sqltext SQL_ID. You can view the specific execution plan through ora plan SQL_ID and whether there are multiple execution plans for the same statement. You can see how big the corresponding table is, what indexes it has, and when it was done through ora size. Statistics collection. After seeing these contents, I believe you have a clear understanding of the basic SQL situation.

4. SQL Devloper

The above three are all command line tools, which are commonly used by technical guys who are inconvenient to use graphical interfaces. If you have always liked to use graphical interfaces and have used pirated Toad and PL/SQL Developer for more than ten years, it is recommended that you use the free SQL Developer.

5, AWR/ASH/ADDM

These three scripts are all in the $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin directory.

Most engineers will at least look at AWR when checking system performance. If you need to see the database situation within a specific few minutes, you usually need to use ASH. If you want Oracle to help you automatically diagnose, you have to use ADDM.

6. ORAchk

ORAchk was previously called RACcheck. Later, its inspection scope was expanded and renamed ORAchk. It is a special tool for health check in the database system. This tool It is mainly used to check whether the software configuration meets the requirements and whether some best practices have been applied. Through this tool, users can easily and automatically perform health checks and assessments on their systems. If you are using Exadata, Oracle also provides the exachk tool.

Check items include:

OS kernel parameters
OS package/patch
Other RAC-related configurations on the OS
CRS/Grid Infrastructure
RDBMS
ASM
Database parameters
Settings that have a greater impact on the RAC database
Upgrade when upgrading to 11.2.0.3/11.2.0.4/12c Check
Maximum Availability Architecture (MAA) check

7, RDA

RDA is the abbreviation of Remote Diagnostic Agent. Oracle is a tool used to collect and analyze databases. Running this tool will not change any parameters of the system. The relevant data collected by RDA is very comprehensive, which can simplify our daily monitoring and analysis of the database. Oracle Support also recommends that we feedback related issues when , providing the data collected by RDA, which can provide a strong guarantee for quickly solving the problem.

8. RMAN

When using RMAN, you must not only remember to make backups, but also perform recovery verification at least once a year, so as not to prepare in vain.

9. OEM CC

OEM Enterprise Manager has not only become more beautiful from the stand-alone version of 8i to the current OEM13c CC (Cloud Control), students who have passed the OCM exam have also I have the impression that if your DG does not use OEM, just memorizing the complicated commands will kill you.

In OEM, there is one tool that you must not forget, which is OSM.

In current OEMs, except for the Oracle database, almost everything else you want to monitor and manage can be plugged into it. It's a bit similar to IBM's tivoli and HP's openview, which gradually become bloated and less user-friendly.