What is the usage of url module in nodejs

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Release: 2022-03-04 16:32:32
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在nodejs中,URL模块是用于处理和解析URL的,该模块提供了三个方法,分别是:1、parse方法用于将url解析成对象;2、format方法用于将对象转换成url字符串;3、resolve方法用于拼接URL。

What is the usage of url module in nodejs

本文操作环境:Windows10系统、nodejs 12.19.0版、Dell G3电脑。

nodejs中url模块的用法是什么

URL模块用于解析和处理URL字符串,提供了三个方法:

1、parse方法

将url解析成对象,parse方法原型:

url.parse(urlStr[, parseQueryString][, slashesDenoteHost])
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可传递三个参数,第一个必须
urlStr:要解析成对象的url字符串
parseQueryString:是否解析查询参数,默认为false
slashesDenoteHost:是否以斜线解析主机名,默认为false

只给第一个参数:

var url = require('url');

var testUrl1 = 'z.qingk.cn/information-info/tengzhou/e75bab8405254b04b2fab0a9f54e4838/dbvbotovboussowbwssvossdqaxqssxw/7519fbc4d85ea4c3589d8d751c507222/b011a8c5bbab4050953cb722bccb5095?param1=111&param2=222'
var urlParseUrl1 = url.parse(testUrl1)
console.log(urlParseUrl1);
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结果:
What is the usage of url module in nodejs

第二个参数设为true
也就是说要同时把url中?之后的查询参数解析成对象

var url = require('url');

var testUrl1 = 'z.qingk.cn/information-info/tengzhou/e75bab8405254b04b2fab0a9f54e4838/dbvbotovboussowbwssvossdqaxqssxw/7519fbc4d85ea4c3589d8d751c507222/b011a8c5bbab4050953cb722bccb5095?param1=111&param2=222'
var urlParseUrl1 = url.parse(testUrl1);
console.log(urlParseUrl1);

var urlParseUrl2 = url.parse(testUrl1,true);
console.info(urlParseUrl2);
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结果:
What is the usage of url module in nodejs
第三个参数设置为true
也就是当不知道url协议时,以//为依据识别host

var testUrl2 = '//z.qingk.cn/information-info/tengzhou/e75bab8405254b04b2fab0a9f54e4838/dbvbotovboussowbwssvossdqaxqssxw/7519fbc4d85ea4c3589d8d751c507222/b011a8c5bbab4050953cb722bccb5095?param1=111&param2=222';

var urlParseUrl3 = url.parse(testUrl2,false,false);
console.info(urlParseUrl3);

var urlParseUrl4 = url.parse(testUrl2,false,true);
console.info(urlParseUrl4);
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结果:
What is the usage of url module in nodejs

2、format方法

format就是parse的返过程,把对象转换成url字符串

var testObj1 = {
                protocol: null,
                slashes: true,
                auth: null,
                host: 'z.qingk.cn',
                port: null,
                hostname: 'z.qingk.cn',
                hash: null,
                search: '?param1=111&param2=222',
                query: 'param1=111&param2=222',
                pathname: '/information-info/tengzhou/e75bab8405254b04b2fab0a9f54e4838/dbvbotovboussowbwssvossdqaxqssxw/7519fbc4d85ea4c3589d8d751c507222/b011a8c5bbab4050953cb722bccb5095',
                path: '/information-info/tengzhou/e75bab8405254b04b2fab0a9f54e4838/dbvbotovboussowbwssvossdqaxqssxw/7519fbc4d85ea4c3589d8d751c507222/b011a8c5bbab4050953cb722bccb5095?param1=111&param2=222',
                href: '//z.qingk.cn/information-info/tengzhou/e75bab8405254b04b2fab0a9f54e4838/dbvbotovboussowbwssvossdqaxqssxw/7519fbc4d85ea4c3589d8d751c507222/b011a8c5bbab4050953cb722bccb5095?param1=111&param2=222'
                };
var rsUrl = url.format(testObj1);
console.info(rsUrl)
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结果:

//z.qingk.cn/information-info/tengzhou/e75bab8405254b04b2fab0a9f54e4838/dbvbotovboussowbwssvossdqaxqssxw/7519fbc4d85ea4c3589d8d751c507222/b011a8c5bbab4050953cb722bccb5095?param1=111&param2=222
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parse中每一种形式的url所生成的结果,format都可以进行逆过程的转换。

3、resolve方法

返回从根目录指定到当前目录的绝对路径url。返回结果去除参数和锚点,返回结果标准url路径格式

    var url=require('url');  
    //指定相对路径  
    var url1=url.resolve('http://qingk.cn/one/two/three','four');  
    console.log(url1); //http://qingk.cn/one/two/four  
    //指定根目录的相对路径  
    var url3=url.resolve('http://qingk.cn/one/two/three','/four');  
    console.log(url3); //http://qingk.cn/four  
    //带参数的相对路径  
    var url2=url.resolve('http://qingk.cn/one/two/three?name=zhangsan','four');  
    console.log(url2); //http://qingk.cn/one/two/four  
    //非标准分隔符的原路径  
    var url4=url.resolve('http://qingk.cn\\one#name1','/four');  
    console.log(url4);//http://qingk.cn/four  
    //非标准分隔符的相对路径  
    var url5=url.resolve('http://qingk.cn/one','\\two\\three');  
    console.log(url5);//http://qingk.cn/two/three
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