What is the three-layer structure of the Internet of Things?
The three-layer structure of the Internet of Things is: 1. Perception layer, which mainly completes the collection, conversion and collection of information; this layer structure solves the problem of data acquisition in the human world and the physical world, and is composed of various sensors and Sensor gateway composition. 2. The network layer, also called the transport layer, mainly completes access and transmission functions. It is a data path for information exchange and transmission, including access network and transmission network. 3. The application layer solves the problems of information processing and human-computer interface; the data transmitted from the network layer enters various information systems for processing in this layer, and interacts with people through various devices.
The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows 7 system, Dell G3 computer.
Based on the analysis of authoritative Internet of Things experts in China, the Internet of Things system is divided into three levels: perception layer, network layer, and application layer, and the system architecture of the Internet of Things is generally described accordingly.
The perception layer mainly completes the collection, conversion and collection of information
The network layer mainly completes the transmission and processing of information
The application layer mainly completes data management and data processing, and combines these data with industry applications.
Perception layer
The perception layer solves the problem of data acquisition in the human world and the physical world, and is composed of various sensors and sensor gateways. This layer is considered the core layer of the Internet of Things, mainly for the intelligent collection of item identification and information. It consists of basic sensing devices (such as RFID tags and readers, various sensors, cameras, GPS, QR code labels and identification It consists of two parts: readers and other basic identification and sensing devices) and a network of sensors (such as RFID network, sensor network, etc.). The core technologies of this layer include radio frequency technology, emerging sensing technology, wireless network networking technology, fieldbus control technology (FCS), etc. The core products involved include sensors, electronic tags, sensor nodes, wireless routers, wireless gateways, etc.
Network layer
The network layer is also called the transmission layer. It solves the problem of transmitting data obtained by the perception layer within a certain range, usually over long distances. , mainly completes the access and transmission functions, and is a data path for information exchange and transmission, including access network and transmission network. The transmission network consists of public network and private network. Typical transmission networks include telecommunications network (fixed network, mobile network), radio and television network, Internet, power communication network, and private network (digital trunking). The access network includes fiber optic access, wireless access, Ethernet access, satellite access and other access methods to realize the last mile access of the underlying sensor network and RFID network.
Application layer
The application layer can also be called the processing layer, which solves the problems of information processing and human-computer interface. The data transmitted from the network layer enters various information systems for processing in this layer, and interacts with people through various devices. The processing layer consists of business support platform (middleware platform), network management platform (such as M2M management platform), information processing platform, information security platform, service support platform, etc., to complete collaboration, management, calculation, storage, analysis, mining, and Provide functions such as services for industry and public users. Typical technologies include middleware technology, virtual technology, and high-trust technology. Advanced technologies and service models such as cloud computing service models and SOA system architecture methods can be widely adopted.
Between each layer, information is not transmitted in one direction. There can be interaction, control, etc. The information transmitted is diverse, including identification codes and items that can uniquely identify items within the scope of a specific application system. static and dynamic information. Although the application characteristics of the Internet of Things in various economic and social fields such as smart industry, smart transportation, environmental protection, public management, smart homes, and medical care vary widely, the basic architecture of each application includes three levels: sensing, transmission, and application. Professional application subnets in various industries and fields are built based on the three-layer basic architecture.
The public technologies used at all levels include encoding technology, identification technology, parsing technology, security technology and middleware technology.
For more related knowledge, please visit the FAQ column!
The above is the detailed content of What is the three-layer structure of the Internet of Things?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator
Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1
Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) into Internet of Things (IoT) systems marks an important progress in the development of intelligent technology. This convergence is called AIoT (artificial intelligence for the Internet of Things), and it not only enhances the capabilities of the system, but also changes the way IoT systems operate, learn and adapt in the environment. Let’s explore this integration and what it means. The Role of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in IoT Enhanced Data Processing and Analytics Advanced Data Interpretation: IoT devices generate massive amounts of data. Artificial intelligence and machine learning can cleverly cull this data, extract valuable insights, and identify patterns that are invisible to a human perspective or traditional data processing methods. Predictive analytics uses artificial intelligence and machine learning to predict future trends based on historical data

Across the world, manufacturing in particular seems to have gradually overcome the difficulties during the pandemic and the supply chain disruptions of a few years ago. However, manufacturers are expected to face new challenges by 2024, many of which can be solved through wider application of digital technologies. Recent industry research has focused on the challenges manufacturers face this year and how they plan to respond. A study from the State of Manufacturing Report found that in 2023, the manufacturing industry is facing economic uncertainty and workforce challenges, and there is an urgent need to adopt new technologies to solve these problems. Deloitte made a similar point in its 2024 Manufacturing Outlook, noting that manufacturing companies will face economic uncertainty, supply chain disruptions and challenges in recruiting skilled labor. no matter what the situation

As a technology company driven by innovation, Christie is able to provide comprehensive solutions, rich industry experience and a complete service network in intelligent audio-visual technology. At this year's InfoCommChina, Christie brought RGB pure laser projectors, 1DLP laser projectors, LED video walls, and content management and processing solutions. At the event site, a large-scale customized outer spherical dome specially designed for astronomical displays became the focus of the scene. Christie named it "Sphere Deep Space", and the Christie M4K25RGB pure laser projector gave it "green vitality" . Mr. Sheng Xiaoqiang, senior technical service manager of the Commercial Business Department in China, said: It is not difficult to realize an outer spherical dome projection, but it can be made smaller and the color

With the continuous development of smart technology, smart buildings have become a powerful force in today's construction industry. In the rise of smart buildings, Internet of Things (IoT) sensors and artificial intelligence (AI) have played a crucial role. Their combination is not just a simple technical application, but also a complete subversion of traditional building concepts, bringing us a more intelligent, efficient and comfortable building environment. Over the past few years, and especially in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, the challenges facing building management have increased and evolved as expectations for facilities managers have changed and viability needs have expanded. The shift to more integrated and flexible work environments within offices is also changing the way commercial buildings are used, requiring real-time visibility into building usage, occupant trends

With the development of IoT technology, more and more devices are able to connect to the Internet and communicate and interact through the Internet. In the development of IoT applications, the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport Protocol (MQTT) is widely used as a lightweight communication protocol. This article will introduce how to use Java development practical experience to implement IoT functions through MQTT. 1. What is MQT? QTT is a message transmission protocol based on the publish/subscribe model. It has a simple design and low overhead, and is suitable for application scenarios that quickly transmit small amounts of data.

Best practices for developing and implementing an IoT device management system using Go language Summary: With the rapid development of IoT technology, the management of IoT devices has become increasingly important. This article introduces the best practices for developing IoT device management systems using Go language. First, we introduced the characteristics of the Go language and why we chose the Go language to develop an IoT device management system. We then discuss the architectural design of the IoT device management system and provide some recommendations and tips to optimize system performance and scalability. Finally, we share some practical developments

Robotic IoT is an emerging development that promises to bring together two valuable technologies: industrial robots and IoT sensors. Will the Internet of Robotic Things become mainstream in manufacturing? What is the Internet of Robotic Things? The Internet of Robotic Things (IoRT) is a form of network that connects robots to the Internet. These robots use IoT sensors to collect data and interpret their surroundings. They are often combined with various technologies such as artificial intelligence and cloud computing to speed up data processing and optimize resource utilization. The development of IoRT enables robots to sense and respond to environmental changes more intelligently, bringing more efficient solutions to various industries. By integrating with IoT technology, IoRT can not only realize autonomous operation and self-learning, but also

As the application scenarios of the Internet of Things continue to expand, data processing and storage have become a problem that cannot be ignored. As a leading relational database management system, MySQL is widely used in IoT applications. However, database optimization and security issues also arise. This article will discuss the optimization and security issues of MySQL in IoT applications from the perspective of project experience. 1. Optimization issues of MySQL in Internet of Things applications Database storage optimization Internet of Things applications have large amounts of data, various data types, and complex data sources.