What are the basic principles of von Neumann computers?

The basic principle of the von Neumann computer is the stored program principle, which is a design principle for storing programs and data in the internal memory of the computer. The working method of the stored program stipulates that before the program is executed, the program must contain The instructions and data are first sent into the internal memory. Once the program execution is started, the computer must be able to automatically complete the task of fetching and executing instructions one by one without operator intervention.

The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows 10 system, DELL G3 computer.

What is the basic principle of von Neumann computer

The basic principle of von Neumann computer is the stored program principle.

The stored program principle is a design principle proposed by von Neumann in 1946 to store programs and data in the internal memory of a computer.

The basic principle of the von Neumann computer is that the

"stored program" working method stipulates that before the program is executed, the instructions and data contained in the program need to be First sent to the internal memory, once the program execution is started, the computer must be able to automatically complete the task of fetching and executing instructions one by one without operator intervention.

The instructions and data in the computer are stored in binary form. Based on the principle of combining "stored program" and "program control", the program and data are placed in the memory and are automatically completed under the control of the program.

The key points of the von Neumann architecture are:

The number system of the computer uses binary; the computer should execute in program order. People call this theory of von Neumann the von Neumann architecture.

The Von Neumann architecture adopts the stored program method. Instructions and data are mixed and stored in the same memory without distinction. There is no difference between data and programs in the memory. They are all data in the memory. , when the EIP pointer points to where.

The CPU loads the data in that memory. If the instruction format is incorrect, the CPU will cause an error interrupt. In the current protected mode of the CPU, each memory segment has its descriptor. This The descriptor records the access rights (readable, writable, executable) of this memory segment.

Extended information:

When it comes to the development of computers, we must mention the American scientist von Neumann. Since the early 20th century, physics and electronics scientists have debated what structure should be used to build machines that could perform numerical calculations. People are troubled by the decimal system, the counting method that humans are accustomed to. Therefore, the call for the development of analog computers was louder and more powerful at that time. In the mid-1930s, the American scientist von Neumann boldly proposed to abandon the decimal system and adopt binary as the basis of the number system for digital computers. At the same time, he also said that calculation programs are pre-programmed, and then the computer performs numerical calculations according to the calculation sequence set by people in advance.

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