What protocol is the most basic protocol on the internet?

The "TCP/IP" protocol is the most basic protocol of the Internet. TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) is a network communication protocol that standardizes all communication devices on the network, especially the format and transmission method of data exchange between one host and another host; TCP/IP protocol It is the core and most basic protocol of the Internet. Strictly speaking, it is a four-layer architecture, including the application layer, transport layer, network layer and data link layer.

The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows 7 system, Dell G3 computer.

The "TCP/IP" protocol is the most basic protocol of the Internet.

TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) refers to a protocol suite that can realize information transmission between multiple different networks.

TCP/IP transmission protocol, also called network communication protocol. It is the most basic communication protocol used in networks. The TCP/IP transport protocol stipulates the standards and methods for communication between various parts of the Internet. Moreover, TCP/IP transmission protocols are two important protocols that ensure timely and complete transmission of network data information. The TCP/IP transmission protocol is strictly a four-layer architecture, including the application layer, transport layer, network layer and data link layer.

TCP/IP protocol is the core and most basic protocol. Among them:

• The main protocols of the application layer include Telnet, FTP, SMTP, etc., which are used to receive Data from the transport layer or data is transmitted to the transport layer according to different application requirements and methods;

• The main protocols of the transport layer are UDP and TCP, which are the user platform and computer information network The internal data combination channel can realize data transmission and data sharing;

• The main protocols of the network layer are ICMP, IP, and IGMP, which are mainly responsible for the transmission of data packets in the network;

• The network access layer is also called the network interface layer or data link layer. The main protocols are ARP and RARP. Its main function is to provide link management error detection and information details about different communication media. Problems are dealt with effectively, etc.

Data transmission process of TCP/IP protocol: The communication method used by TCP/IP protocol is packet switching. The so-called packet switching simply means that data is divided into several segments during transmission. Each data segment is called a data packet. The basic transmission unit of the TCP/IP protocol is a data packet. The TCP/IP protocol mainly includes two main protocols, namely TCP protocol and IP protocol, these two protocols can be used in combination or in combination with other protocols. They mainly complete the following functions during the data transmission process:

• (1) Firstly, The TCP protocol divides the data into several data packets and writes a sequence number on each data packet so that the receiving end can restore the data to its original format.

• (2) The IP protocol writes the addresses of the sending host and the receiving host for each data packet. Once the source address and destination address are written, the data packet can transmit data on the physical network. . The IP protocol also has the function of utilizing routing algorithms for routing selection.

• (3) These data packets can be transmitted through different transmission channels (routing). Due to different paths and other reasons, order reversal, data loss, and data distortion may occur. Even repeated phenomena. These problems are handled by the TCP protocol, which has the function of checking and handling errors, and can also request the sending end to resend when necessary. In short, the IP protocol is responsible for the transmission of data, while the TCP protocol is responsible for the reliable transmission of data.

Characteristics of TCP/IP protocol

TCP/IP protocol can develop rapidly and become a de facto standard because it just adapts to Worldwide data communications needs. It has the following characteristics:

(1) The protocol standard is completely open, can be used by users for free, and is independent of specific computer hardware and operating systems.

(2) It is independent of the network hardware system, can run on the wide area network, and is more suitable for the Internet.

(3) Network addresses are uniformly allocated, and each device and terminal in the network has a unique address.

(4) High-level protocol standardization can provide a variety of reliable network services.

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