What does screen color gamut mean?

The screen color gamut is a method of encoding a color, and also refers to the sum of colors that a technical system can produce. In computer graphics processing, the color gamut is a complete subset of colors. The color gamut is the range of the number of colors that can be expressed by the monitor screen. In the real world, the colors of the visible spectrum in nature form the largest color gamut space. This color gamut space contains all the colors that the human eye can see. color.

The operating environment of this tutorial: Windows 7 system, Dell G3 computer.

What is color gamut?

Color gamut can also be called color space (Color Space), and gamut is a mathematical concept. A better explanation is that colors have a certain range. Color gamut is a method of encoding a color and also refers to the total number of colors a technical system is capable of producing. In computer graphics, a color gamut is a complete subset of colors. The most common application of color subsets is to accurately represent a given situation, such as a given space or the color range of an output device. The color gamut is the range of the number of colors that can be expressed by the monitor screen. In the real world, the colors of the visible spectrum in nature form the largest color gamut space. This color gamut space contains all the colors that the human eye can see. color.

In order to better allow users to easily understand the color gamut, the CIE International Illuminating Association has developed a method for describing the color gamut, which is the CIE-xy chromaticity diagram. In this coordinate system, the color gamut range that various display devices can express is represented by a triangular area composed of three points connected by RGB (red, green, blue). The larger the area of ​​the triangle, the color gamut of this display device. The larger the domain range.

Three common screen color gamut standards

There are currently three common screen color gamut standards , respectively sRGB, NTSC, and Adobe RGB.

1. sRGB

The sRGB color gamut is a color space jointly developed by Microsoft and HP in 1996. It is also the default for the current Microsoft Windows system and many native software. Supported color spaces.

2. NTSC

NTSC color gamut is the color space under the NTSC television standard. NTSC is the National Television Standards Committee of the United States. The NTSC television standard they introduced is a A set of radio and television transmission protocols, which are used in radio and television systems in the United States, Japan and other countries. Of course, this means that the NTSC color space is more used in the television industry.

3. Adobe RGB

Adobe RGB is a color space launched by Adobe, a professional software manufacturer, in 1998. The original intention was to include sRGB (the color space commonly used in computers). ) and CMYK (a color space commonly used in printing), the digital photos taken in this way can not only be displayed and edited normally on the computer, but also photos with lossless and correct colors can be printed. Adobe RGB covers a wider color range than sRGB and is favored by designers, so it is widely used in professional photography and post-production fields.

As can be seen from the figure below, the color gamut of Adobe RGB is almost similar to the NTSC 1953 standard, while sRGB can represent the least colors, and the sRGB color space range is smaller than the first two, approximately equivalent to sRGB ≈ 72% NTSC, Adobe RGB ≈ 95% NTSC, but sRGB is the most widely used color space in the world. Most monitors only support the sRGB color gamut range. AdobeRGB can express more delicate cyans and greens than sRGB, and NTSC has the widest color gamut.

Many users will think that 100%sRGB=72%NTSC. In fact, this is a wrong concept. In fact, from the picture above, we can find that NTSC cannot completely cover sRGB, so in a strict way, sRGB cannot be converted to NTSC. It can only be said that the coverage area of ​​100% sRGB is approximately 72% NTSC.

As far as the most common color gamuts of laptop screens are concerned, 45%NTSC, 72%NTSC and 100%sRGB are undoubtedly the richest color expressions of 45%NTSC. In addition, 72%NTSC and 100%sRGB It is not possible to directly judge who has better color performance, because there is a problem of screen adjustment. If the screen adjustment is not good, no matter how rich the color performance is, it may not show the best effect. You have to make a In judgment, I personally suggest that it may be safer to buy a 100% sRGB screen.

How to select the screen through the color gamut

Adobe RGB is a color gamut standard launched by Adobe. For those who retouch pictures, you can choose more Pay attention to the Adobe RGB value;

The standard of sRGB color gamut is a definition proposed for computer external devices, so for ordinary work or daily printing, just buy a device with sRGB color gamut;

NTSC, as a TV standard, also has the widest color gamut among the three, so movie lovers among monitor users can mainly refer to its values.

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