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简述MySQL分片中快速数据迁移_MySQL

May 27, 2016 am 10:44 AM

推荐阅读:MySQL 数据库跨操作系统的最快迁移方法

mysql 备份与迁移 数据同步方法

操作实践背景:

travelrecord表定义为10个分片,尝试将10个分片中的2个分片转移到第二台MySQL上,并完成记录, 要求最快的数据迁移做法,中断业务时间最短

思路一利用mysqldump:

在这里我们只针对mysql innodb engine,而且配置bin-log的数据库进行分析。因为是将10个分片中的两个分片进行迁移,其实就是数据库的迁移过程,就是将10个数据库中的两个数据迁移到另外一台机器;中断业务最短的做法就是:

1) 准备mycat新的配置文件备用,以便快速切换配置文件。

2) 在业务地峰期间,如凌晨,使用mysqldump进行数据库的全量备份(附带--flush-logs);

3) 将两个分片数据库的全量备份第二台机器上进行全量恢复;

4) 停止mycat服务器,

5) 停止第一台机器的mycat实例(假设原来的分片在一个mysql实例)

6) 拷贝第一台机器的binlog文件到第二台机器,并使用mysql的mysqlbinlog工具进行这两个数据库的增量数据的恢复。

7) 启动第一台数据实例,校验迁移的两个分片数据正确性(主要看记录数)

8) 替换mycat的配置文件并启动mycat实例

在该方案中,业务中断的时间主要是处理mysqlbinlog的增量数据恢复。

思路二利用mysql的ms机制做级联复制

在这里二个片比如第一个分片db11,第二个分片db21,我在db11上面再做个级联主从,db11-->db16,在db21上面做个级联主从db21->db26,这样到时候数据实时同步,中断业务比较短的做法是:

1)准备mycat新配置文件备用,以便快速切换配置文件。

2)在业务低峰期间,比如凌晨时分,开始操作,停止mycat服务器

3)进行db11-db16主备切换,进行db21-db26主备切换

4)停止第一台机器的mycat实例

5)在主备切换过程中,旧的主db11、db21上面的binlog中如果有新的dml、ddl操作,就用mysqlbinlog解析出来,在新的主db16和db26上面重做一遍

6)使用mk-table-checksum工具检查新主从db16->db11、db26->db21的数据一致性。

7)替换mycat的配置文件并启动mycat实例

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