How does PHP perform file and directory operations? The following article will give you an in-depth understanding of HP file and directory operations. I hope it will be helpful to you!
Relative path and absolute path
Absolute path: The path where the drive letter of the current file is located is the starting point
For example:
For example, picture 1.png
The absolute path of this picture is
D:\Google\123\1.png
Let’s explain the content represented by this string of paths separately
Relative path: With the location of the file to be operated on The directory is the starting path
This is a
relative concept, different reference objects write different paths
Why do you say that
Let’s give an example:
Suppose we use 1.png as a reference
./1.txt
（There is a dot before 1.）
Explain it../2.txt
(two dots before 2)
We need to understand it first Some concepts
Path:
/love/xianyu.txt
Enter the text below
pathinfo()
In order to obtainSpecified path and file name
, you can use thepathinfo()function, this function will return anassociative array<?php $xianyu = "/love/xianyu.php"; $result = pathinfo($xianyu); foreach($result as $key=>$value){ echo "$key=>$value\n"; } ?> /* 输出： dirname=>/love basename=>xianyu.php extension=>php filename=>xianyu */Copy after login
Quickly obtain the file name: basename()
##basename()Function,
Quickly obtain thefile namepart of the specified filewithout reading from thearray<?php $xianyu = "/love/xianyu.php"; echo $filepath."中的文件名是:".basename($xianyu); ?> /* 中的文件名是:xianyu.php */Copy after login
Quickly obtain the directory part of the path: dirname()
Use thedirname()function to
quickly obtain it Specify thedirectorypart of the specified file<?php $filepath = "/love/xianyu.php"; echo $filepath."中的路径部分是:". dirname($filepath); ?> /* /love/xianyu.php中的路径部分是:/love */Copy after login
return valueOpen the images directory. With the handle, you can operate on the open directory
<?php $dir = "images"; if($dir_handle = opendir($dir)) { echo "获取目录句柄成功!"; closedir($dir_handle); //记得释放句柄 } else { echo "打开目录错误"; } ?>Copy after login
<?php
mkdir("123")
?><?php
rmdir("123")
?><?php echo getcwd() ?>
<?php echo getcwd() . '<br>'; // 显示当前目录 chdir('hhh'); //改变当前目录 echo getcwd() . '<br>'; // 显示当前目录 ?>
readdir()
将一个参数名作为参数传递给函数
readdir()，这个函数能返回目录下所有子目录和文件
注意:调用一次返回一个!!
<?php
if ($handle = opendir('.')) {
while (false !== ($file = readdir($handle))) {
echo "$file\n";
}
closedir($handle);
}
?>
scandir()
直接返回
指定目录下的文件和子目录，并且按照要求排序(默认字母升序)
<?php
$dir1 = scandir("D:\新建文件夹 (2)");
$dir2 = scandir("D:\新建文件夹 (2)",1);//降序排列
print_r($dir1);
print_r($dir2)
?>
操作文件的一般步骤即：打开，读取或写入，关闭
由于目录和文件本质上都属于文件，除了使用函数不同，很多操作都是相通的
<?php
if(file_exists("test.txt"))
{
//如果文件存在就执行操作
}
?>
//如果文件存在返回true，不存在返回falsefopen(), fclose()
<?php
//以只读方式打开文件，将文件指针指向文件头
$handle = fopen("test.txt", "r");
//以读写方式打开，将文件指针指向文件头
$handle = fopen("test.txt", "r+");
//以写入方式打开，将文件指针指向文件头，并将文件大小截为0。如果文件不存在则尝试创建。
$handle = fopen("test.txt", "w");
//以读写方式打开，将文件指针指向文件头，并将文件大小截为0。如果文件不存在则尝试创建。
$handle = fopen("test.txt", "w+");
//以写入方式打开文件，将文件指针指向文件末尾。如果文件不存在则尝试创建。
$handle = fopen("test.txt", "a");
//以读写方式打开文件，将文件指针指向文件末尾。如果文件不存在则尝试创建。
$handle = fopen("test.txt", "a+");
fclose()
?>fread(), file_get_contents(), file()
<?php //需要使用fopen，fread，fclose来进行文件的读取操作 $filename = "test.txt"; $handle = fopen($filename, "r"); $contents = fread($handle, filesize($filename)); //fread需要传入两个参数，第一个参数为 文件句柄，第二个参数为最大读取的字节数 fclose($handle); //更加简洁的方式 file_get_contents($filename) ?>
fwrite(), file_put_contents()
<?php
//需要fopen,fwrite,fclose来进行文件的写入操作
$handle = fopen("test.txt","w");
fwrite($handle,"添加文字到文件中");//fwrite接受两个参数作为输入,$handle为文件句柄，"添加文
字到文件中"为需要写入的内容
fclose($handle);
//更加简洁的方式
file_put_contents("test.txt", "使用file_put_contents()函数写入的内容")
?>unlink()
<?php $file = "temp.txt"; unlink($file); ?>
copy()
<?php $sourceFile = "html/cache.txt"; //被复制的文件必须确保存在 $targetFile = "html/copyCache.txt"; copy($sourceFile, $targetFile) ?>
rename()
<?php
//使用rename()函数重命名一个文件或目录
rename('test.txt', 'rename.txt') //将test.txt文件重命名为rename.txt
rename('test','rename') //将test目录重命名为rename
//使用rename()函数移动文件,并改名
rename("test.txt","test/a.txt");//将test.txt移动到test文件夹下，并改名为a.txt
//使用rename()函数移动目录到目标目录
rename("test","html/test");
?>推荐学习：《PHP视频教程》
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