What does 5nm chip mean?

5nm chip means a chip with a transistor width of 5nm. 5nm refers to the width of the transistor (also called line width). There are a lot of transistors in the chip, and the width of each transistor will be expressed in terms of 5nm or 7nm. The smaller the width, the more transistors the same area of ​​the chip will carry, which means the more advanced the technology. .

The operating environment of this tutorial: HarmonyOS 2 system, HONOR V30 mobile phone.

5nm chip means a chip with a transistor width of 5nm. The 5nm or 7nm we usually talk about refers to the width of the transistor (also called line width).

There are a lot of transistors in the chip, and the width of each transistor will be expressed in a way of 5nm. The smaller the width, the more transistors the same area of ​​​​the chip will carry. It means the technology is more advanced.

The bottom device of the chip is the MOS tube. The smaller the characteristic size, the smaller the MOS tube produced, which means the higher the integration level of the chip, and the lower the cost. Under the condition that the chip occupies the same area, a chip with higher integration can pack more functional circuits.

Under the same main frequency, 5nm process saves 30% more energy than the 7nm process; under the same power consumption, the performance of 5nm is 15% higher than that of 7nm. The power consumption is directly reflected in the standby time of the mobile phone battery.

"nm" is a unit, which is "nanometer" in Chinese. 1nm is equal to 0.0000001cm, and the width of 5nm is so small that we may not be able to distinguish it with the naked eye. The smaller the number, the more advanced the technology. In fact, the number in front of the "nm" unit also symbolizes a production process or technology. 5nm chips house up to 15.3 billion transistors. 5nm cannot be distinguished with the naked eye. In the field of electronic technology, technical precision levels are described in nanometers. Therefore, the smaller the number of nanometers, the more advanced the technology and products are.

#5 nanometers is equivalent to one ten thousandth of a hair. A hair is about 60,000 nanometers, so 5 nanometers is almost one ten thousandth of a hair. Taking the Qualcomm 7nm Snapdragon 8cx chip area as an example, there are 532 cores on a 300mm diameter wafer, with a maximum of 22 cores in the horizontal direction and a maximum of 36 cores in the vertical direction. It is calculated that the area of ​​each chip is approximately 112 square millimeters (13.5 × 8.3 millimeters).

The so-called nanometer is the diameter of the laser. The smaller the laser, the more precisely the circuit can be drawn, and the more transistors can be packed into the same volume. The more transistors, the more functions a chip can perform, allowing more chips to be made from the wafer. The chip is smaller, cheaper and consumes less power, but it is indistinguishable to the naked eye at 11nm=0.0000001cm and 5nm.

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