Reasons and solutions for garbled Chinese characters in php url parameters [Summary]

PHP is a widely used development language that can be used to create web applications and dynamic web pages. However, you will encounter various problems when using PHP. One of the most difficult problems is the problem of garbled Chinese parameters in the URL. In this article, we will explore the root cause of this problem and how to solve it.

The reason for the problem of garbled Chinese parameters in URL

In the HTTP protocol, the URL is composed of multiple parts, including protocol, host name, file path and query characters String etc. When a URL includes Chinese characters, these characters need to be encoded to ensure that servers and browsers can interpret them correctly. This encoding conversion uses a method called URL encoding. URL encoding converts all non-alphanumeric characters into the format of a percent sign (%) followed by two hexadecimal digits.

For example, the Chinese character "An" is represented by UTF-8 encoding as "E5 AE 89". Once it's URL encoded, it becomes "an". The browser sends this encoding to the server to tell the server to pass "安" in the query string instead of the original Chinese character "安".

However, when the PHP code tries to get the Chinese parameters passed in the URL, it may not parse them correctly, resulting in garbled characters. This is because PHP uses the ISO-8859-1 character set by default to parse parameters in GET requests. Chinese characters in UTF-8 encoding format do not exist in the ISO-8859-1 character set, so PHP will parse them into garbled characters.

Methods to solve the problem of garbled Chinese parameters in URL

In order to solve the problem of garbled Chinese parameters in URL, we must know the encoding method of the parameters and convert them into ones that can be recognized by PHP encoding format. The following are two methods:

Method 1: Manual conversion

Manually converting the encoding yourself is one of the easiest ways to solve this problem. We can use PHP's built-in functions for encoding conversion. For example, for the Chinese character "安" mentioned above, we can use the following code to convert it from UTF-8 encoding format to ISO-8859-1 encoding format:

$url_param = '%E5%AE%89';
$decoded_param = urldecode($url_param);
$encoded_param = mb_convert_encoding($decoded_param, 'ISO-8859-1', 'UTF-8');
echo $encoded_param; // 输出：安

In this code, we First convert the URL-encoded parameters back to normal text using the urldecode() function. We then use the mb_convert_encoding() function to convert the text from UTF-8 encoding to ISO-8859-1 encoding and store the result in the $encoded_param variable.

Method 2: Modify the server configuration

If you do not want to manually perform encoding conversion, we can also modify the server configuration to automatically convert URL parameters from UTF-8 encoding format It is ISO-8859-1 encoding format. In the Apache server, we can achieve this in the web root directory by modifying the .htaccess file. Add the following line to your .htaccess file:

AddDefaultCharset ISO-8859-1
php_value default_charset "iso-8859-1"

This will tell Apache to use the ISO-8859-1 encoding format when parsing the request and pass this encoding format to PHP so that PHP can correctly parse the GET request Chinese parameters in .

Conclusion

In this article, we explored the root cause of the problem of garbled Chinese parameters in URLs and introduced two solutions. Manually converting the encoding format of URL parameters may feel tedious at times, but it is the easiest and most reliable solution. On the other hand, by modifying the server configuration, we can automatically convert URL parameters from UTF-8 encoding format to ISO-8859-1 encoding format, but this requires corresponding server configuration and permissions. No matter which method is used, as long as we fully understand the knowledge of URL encoding and PHP encoding, we can solve the problem of garbled Chinese parameters in URLs and ensure that our web applications run normally.

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