What is linux .profile

linux .profile is a file related to Linux environment variables; after each user logs in to the system, there will be a dedicated operating environment, and users can customize their own operating environment by modifying the corresponding System environment variables; modifying environment variables in the "/etc/profile" file will affect all users.

#The operating environment of this tutorial: linux5.9.8 system, Dell G3 computer.

What is linux .profile?

Introduction to profile files in Linux systems

The profile file in the etc directory is the file that the operating system first executes when each user logs in, and then gives control to the user owner. The .profile file in the directory

1. Linux is a multi-user operating system. After each user logs into the system, he will have a dedicated operating environment. Usually the default environment for each user is the same. This default environment is actually the definition of a set of environment variables. Users can customize their own running environment by modifying the corresponding system environment variables.

2. Always modify the environment variables in the /etc/profile file. The modified content here will affect all users. The following main operations will be performed in this file.

3. How to add environment variables.

For example, add "NAME=zhangsan". Add the following content at the end of the profile file: export NAME=zhangsan

The variable value zhangsan can be added with or without quotation marks, and the effect is the same.

4. Contents added or modified in the profile file need to be logged out of the system to take effect.

5. Use the env command to display all environment variables. Just type env at the command prompt.

The set command displays all locally defined Shell variables.

6. Common environment variables

PATH: Determines which directories the shell will search for commands or programs

HOME: The current user’s home directory

MAIL: refers to the current user's mail storage directory.

SHELL: refers to what kind of Shell the current user is using.

HISTSIZE: refers to the number of historical command records saved.

LOGNAME: refers to the login name of the current user.

HOSTNAME: refers to the name of the host. If many applications want to use the host name, it is usually obtained from this environment variable.

LANG/LANGUGE: It is an environment variable related to language. Users who use multiple languages ​​​​can modify this environment variable.

PS1: It is the basic prompt, which is # for root users and $ for ordinary users.

PS2: It is a subsidiary prompt, the default is ">". You can modify the current command prompt by modifying this environment variable. For example, the following command will modify the prompt into the string "Hello, My NewPrompt :)".

　# PS1=” Hello,My NewPrompt :) “

7. Use the modified .bashrc file (in the user's home directory) to edit environment variables, which is only useful to the current user. Editing environment variables by modifying the /etc/profile file is useful for all users. Everyone must pay attention to the difference.

8. The Linux profile file will be run when the system starts. You can add other commands in it, but they must be added correctly, otherwise the system will not start.

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