腾讯云CentOS7.0使用yum安装mysql_MySQL

背景：

今天才申请了腾讯云+校园计划的1元服务器，（http://www.qcloud.com/event/qcloudSchool）安装了Centos7.0，在安装mysql的时候，使用yum list | grep mysql 来查找yum源中是否有mysql，结果如下：

<code class="hljs avrasm">[root@VM_47_56_centos ~]# yum list | grep mysql
akonadi-mysql.x86_64                    1.9.2-4.el7                    base     
apr-util-mysql.x86_64                   1.5.2-6.el7                    base       
mysql-proxy.x86_64                      0.8.5-2.el7                    epel     
mysql-proxy-devel.x86_64                0.8.5-2.el7                    epel     
mysql-router.x86_64                     2.0.2-1.el7                    mysql-tools-community
mysql-router-debuginfo.x86_64           2.0.2-1.el7                    mysql-tools-community
mysql-utilities.noarch                  1.5.6-1.el7                    mysql-tools-community
mysql-utilities-extra.noarch            1.5.6-1.el7                    mysql-tools
mysqlreport.noarch                      3.5-11.el7                     epel     
mysqltuner.noarch                       1.2.0-7.el7                    epel     
省略部分内容。。。。
[root@VM_47_56_centos ~]# </code>

总之是看不到mysql-server的影子，（PS:据说Centos7.0的源中暂时还没有mysql，但是相同版本的Centos在阿里云是可以直接使用yum install mysql-server 来直接安装mysql的）

于是找了一些mysql的安装源，安装过程如下：

安装过程：

为了解决这个问题，我们要先下载mysql的repo源。

1、下载mysql的repo源

<code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs avrasm">$ wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm</code></code>

<code class="hljs avrasm">2、安装mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm包

<code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs lasso">$ sudo rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm</code></code></code>

<code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs lasso">安装这个包后，会获得两个mysql的yum repo源：<br /> /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo和<br /> /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community-source.repo。

<code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs lasso">3、安装mysql

<code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs bash">$ sudo yum install mysql-server</code></code></code></code>

<code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs bash">这个过程中就会看到有mysql的软件包存在：

<code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs asciidoc">[root@VM_47_56_centos ~]# sudo yum install mysql-server
已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks                   
| 2.5 kB  00:00:00     
mysql-tools-community                                                                  | 2.5 kB  00:00:00     
mysql56-community                                                                         | 2.5 kB  00:00:00     
(1/3): mysql-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db                                       | 8.6 kB  00:00:00     
(2/3): mysql-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db                                            |  22 kB  00:00:00     
(3/3): mysql56-community/x86_64/primary_db                                                | 109 kB  00:00:01     
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.sina.cn
 * extras: mirrors.sina.cn
 * updates: mirrors.sina.cn
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务

省略内容。。。

依赖关系解决
=================================================================================================================
 Package                           架构             版本                       源                           大小
=================================================================================================================
正在安装:
 mysql-community-libs              x86_64           5.6.27-2.el7               mysql56-community           2.0 M
      替换  mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.44-1.el7_1
 mysql-community-server            x86_64           5.6.27-2.el7               mysql56-community            58 M
为依赖而安装:
 mysql-community-client            x86_64           5.6.27-2.el7               mysql56-community            19 M
 mysql-community-common            x86_64           5.6.27-2.el7               mysql56-community           256 k
 numactl-libs                      x86_64           2.0.9-5.el7_1              

事务概要
=================================================================================================================
安装  2 软件包 (+9 依赖软件包)

总下载量：80 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y</code></code></code></code></code>

<code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs asciidoc">下边的安装和其他安装一样，

<code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs asciidoc">根据步骤安装就可以了，不过安装完成后，没有密码，需要重置密码。

<code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs asciidoc">4、重置密码

<code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs asciidoc">重置密码前，首先要登录

<code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs ruby">$ mysql -u root</code></code></code></code></code></code>

<code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs ruby">登录时有可能报这样的错：ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can&lsquo;t connect to local MySQL server through socket &lsquo;/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock&lsquo; (2)，原因是/var/lib/mysql的访问权限问题。下面的命令把/var/lib/mysql的拥有者改为当前用户：

<code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs ruby"><code class="hljs bash">$ sudo chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql #这里的mysql是用户名（需要设置用户组合用户）</code></code></code></code></code></code></code>

<code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs ruby"><code class="hljs bash">然后，重启服务：

<code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs ruby"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs ruby">$ service mysqld restart</code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code>

<code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs ruby"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs ruby">接下来登录重置密码：

<code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs ruby"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs ruby"><code class="hljs php">$ mysql -u root
mysql > use mysql;
mysql > update user set password=password(&#39;xu827928&#39;) where user=&#39;root&#39;;
mysql > exit;</code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code>

<code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs ruby"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs ruby"><code class="hljs php">5、开放3306端口(可以不用设置)

<code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs ruby"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs ruby"><code class="hljs php"><code class="hljs bash">$ sudo vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables</code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code>

<code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs ruby"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs ruby"><code class="hljs php"><code class="hljs bash">添加以下内容：

<code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs ruby"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs ruby"><code class="hljs php"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs lasso">-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT</code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code>

<code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs ruby"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs ruby"><code class="hljs php"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs lasso">保存后重启防火墙：

<code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs ruby"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs ruby"><code class="hljs php"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs bash">$ sudo service iptables restart</code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code>

<code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs ruby"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs ruby"><code class="hljs php"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs bash">这样从其它客户机也可以连接上mysql服务了。

<code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs ruby"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs ruby"><code class="hljs php"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs bash">6、修改权限可以使其他机器登录：

<code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs avrasm"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs asciidoc"><code class="hljs ruby"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs ruby"><code class="hljs php"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs lasso"><code class="hljs bash"><code class="hljs lasso">?mysql>mysql -h localhost -u root  //这样应该可以进入MySQL服务器 
mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO &#39;root&#39;@&#39;%&#39; WITH GRANT OPTION  //赋予任何主机访问数据的权限 
mysql>FLUSH PRIVILEGES //修改生效 
mysql>EXIT //退出MySQL服务器</code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code></code>