How to set up golang development environment

Golang is a statically typed, compiled language developed by Google, aiming to create efficient, concise and reliable software. Developers can use Golang in various fields such as web applications, system tools, network services, etc. But before starting to use Golang, you need to prepare the corresponding development environment. This article will introduce how to build a Golang development environment on different operating systems.

Windows

Download the installation package

Download the Golang installation package for Windows on the official website. Choose the appropriate version based on your operating system. Taking Windows x86_64 as an example, download go1.17.2.windows-amd64.msi and run the installer to install it.

Configuring environment variables

After the installation is completed, Golang needs to be added to the system environment variables. In Windows 10, you can press the Win In the "System Variables" list, find the variable named "Path" and open the editing window. Right-click in the empty space at the top of the window and select New. In the pop-up window, enter C:\Go\bin (assuming your Golang is installed on the C drive), and click "OK" to save.

Test installation

After completing the environment variable configuration, open the command prompt or PowerShell and enter the go version command to verify. If the currently installed version number is output, it means that Golang has been installed correctly.

macOS

Use Homebrew installation

The easiest way to set up a Golang environment on macOS is to use the Homebrew package manager. Run the following command in the terminal to install Homebrew:

/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"

Once the installation is complete, enter the following command to install Golang:

brew install go

Configure environment variables

In macOS, they can be edited ~/.bash_profile file to set personal environment variables. Enter the following command in the terminal:

nano ~/.bash_profile

This will open the ~/.bash_profile file and allow you to edit it. At the bottom of the file, enter the following lines to set the Golang environment variables:

export GOPATH=$HOME/go
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/opt/go/libexec/bin:$GOPATH/bin

Press "Ctrl O" to save, and press "Ctrl X" to exit the editor. To make the environment variables take effect, you need to open a new terminal window or run the following command in the current window:

source ~/.bash_profile

Test installation

After completing the environment variable configuration, open the terminal and enter go version command to verify. If the currently installed version number is output, it means that Golang has been installed correctly.

Linux

Download the installation package

Download the Golang installation package for Linux on the official website. Choose the appropriate version based on your operating system. Taking Linux x86_64 as an example, download go1.17.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz and extract it to the /usr/local directory:

sudo tar -C /usr/local -xzf go1.17.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz

Configuring environment variables

In order to make Golang globally available on the system, we need to add the directory where the Golang binary file is located to the system's PATH environment variable. Open the /etc/profile file for editing:

sudo nano /etc/profile

Add the following content at the end of the file:

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/go/bin

After saving the file, run the following command to make the modified environment variables take effect immediately ：

source /etc/profile

Test installation

After completing the environment variable configuration, open the terminal and enter the go version command to verify. If the currently installed version number is output, it means that Golang has been installed correctly.

Summary

The above is a method to build a Golang development environment under different operating systems. Whether on Windows, macOS or Linux platforms, you need to install Golang first, and then add the directory where the Golang binary files are located to the system's PATH environment variable. By setting environment variables correctly, you can happily use Golang to write efficient, concise, and reliable software during development.

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