How to do case conversion in Go language

Go language (Golang) is a programming language developed by the Google team. Its design concept is simple, safe and efficient. In the Go language, string case conversion is a common operation. This article will introduce how to perform case conversion in Go language.

1. String case conversion

Go language provides three string case conversion functions, namely ToLower(), ToUpper() and Title(). Taking ToLower() as an example, its implementation principle is to convert all uppercase letters into lowercase letters, leaving the remaining characters unchanged. The sample code is as follows:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "strings"
)

func main() {
    original := "Hello, Golang!"
    lower := strings.ToLower(original)
    fmt.Println(lower)
}

After running the program, the output result is:

hello, golang!

The implementation of the ToUpper() function is similar, except that all lowercase letters are converted to uppercase letters. The sample code is as follows:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "strings"
)

func main() {
    original := "Hello, Golang!"
    upper := strings.ToUpper(original)
    fmt.Println(upper)
}

After running the program, the output result is:

HELLO, GOLANG!

The Title() function capitalizes the first letter of all words in the string and lowercases the remaining letters. The sample code is as follows:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "strings"
)

func main() {
    original := "hello, golang!"
    title := strings.Title(original)
    fmt.Println(title)
}

After running the program, the output result is:

Hello, Golang!

2. Unicode string case conversion

In the Go language, the string is represented by It is composed of Unicode characters. Therefore, special functions need to be used for case conversion of Unicode strings. Go language provides the unicode package, which contains functions such as ToTitle(), ToTitleSpecial(), ToLower(), ToLowerSpecial(), ToUpper(), and ToUpperSpecial(), which can realize case conversion of Unicode strings.

For example, the sample code for using ToUpperSpecial() to convert Unicode characters to uppercase characters is as follows:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "unicode/utf8"
)

func ToUpperSpecial(s string) string {
    var upperString string
    for len(s) > 0 {
        r, size := utf8.DecodeRuneInString(s)
        upperString += string(unicode.ToUpper(r))
        s = s[size:]
    }
    return upperString
}

func main() {
    original := "Hello, 世界!"
    upper := ToUpperSpecial(original)
    fmt.Println(upper)
}

After running the program, the output result is:

HELLO, 世界!

3. Summary

The Go language provides a variety of string case conversion functions to meet various needs. It should be noted that when using the case conversion function of Unicode strings, you need to pay attention to whether the character encoding in the string is Unicode encoding. Through the introduction of this article, you have learned how to convert string case between upper and lower case in the Go language. I hope it will be helpful to your programming practice.

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