One article explains in detail the implementation of MVC architecture in golang-Golang-php.cn

One article explains in detail the implementation of MVC architecture in golang

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Release： 2023-03-30 13:49:17

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1. Foreword

With the development of the Internet, Web applications have gradually become the standard for many enterprises. As a design pattern, MVC (Model-View-Controller) can make the structure of the application clearer and the code easier to maintain. As an efficient, safe and simple programming language, golang is becoming more and more popular. This article will introduce how to use golang to implement the MVC architecture.

2. Introduction to MVC

MVC refers to Model-View-Controller, that is, Model-View-Controller, which is a software design pattern. Divide a program into three parts: model, view, and controller.

1. Model: Represents the core state part of the application, including application data and business logic.

2. View: Responsible for displaying data and converting the model into a human-readable format, usually a user interface element (such as HTML in a web page).

3. Controller (Controller): Responsible for processing user input and converting it into operations on the model.

The advantage of the MVC pattern is that it can also be used for all types of applications, not just web applications, making it more versatile.

3. MVC in golang

There are two main ways to implement MVC in golang: using a ready-made framework and manual implementation. The more popular ready-made frameworks include beego and gin. For manual implementation, you need to design and implement it yourself.

1. Use beego

Beego is a web framework based on golang. Its goal is to simplify the development of web applications as much as possible. It adopts the MVC pattern and has good code execution speed and low memory usage. The following is beego's MVC architecture:

├── main.go
├── conf
│   └── app.conf
├── controllers
│   ├── admin.go
│   └── default.go
├── models
│   └── user.go
├── static
│   └── js
│       └── test.js
└── views
    ├── admin.tpl
    └── index.tpl

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Among them, the conf directory contains the application's configuration files, the controllers directory contains controller files, the models directory contains model files, the static directory contains static files, and the views directory contains view files.

2. Use gin

gin is a web framework based on golang, similar to beego, and also adopts the MVC pattern. The following is the MVC architecture of gin:

├── main.go
├── config
│   └── app.conf
├── controllers
│   ├── admin.go
│   └── default.go
├── models
│   └── user.go
├── static
│   └── js
│       └── test.js
└── views
    ├── admin.tpl
    └── index.tpl

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Compared with beego, the directory structure of gin is the same, but the implementation method is different from beego.

3. Manual implementation

Manual implementation can give us a deeper understanding of the MVC pattern, but it also requires more code.

Usually, the controller is a wrapper that handles HTTP requests, the model is the main implementation of business logic, and the view generates HTML code.

The following is a sample code:

//main.go
package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "net/http"
)

func main() {
    http.HandleFunc("/", handler)
    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
}

func handler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    fmt.Fprintf(w, "Hello World!")
}

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//controllers/home.go
package controllers

import (
    "fmt"
    "net/http"
)

func Home(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    fmt.Fprintf(w, "This is home page")
}

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//models/user.go
package models

type User struct {
    Id       int
    UserName string
    Password string
    Email    string
}

func (u User) GetUserById(id int) User {
    //根据id获取用户信息
}

func (u User) CreateUser(user User) bool {
    //创建用户
}

func (u User) UpdateUser(user User) bool {
    //更新用户
}

func (u User) DeleteUserById(id int) bool {
    //根据id删除用户
}

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//views/home.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>Home</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        <h1>Welcome to Home Page</h1>
    </body>
</html>

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4. Summary

The MVC pattern can make the structure of the application clearer and the code easier to maintain. There are two main ways to implement MVC in golang. One is to use the ready-made frameworks beego and gin, and the other is to implement it manually. No matter which method is adopted, you need to fully understand the design of the MVC pattern.

In fact, we can choose different implementation methods according to different applications. For example, complex web applications can use beego or gin, while simple programs can be implemented manually.

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