Detailed explanation of two commonly used methods for writing interfaces in PHP

In recent years, with the continuous development of the Internet industry, the concept of API (Application Programming Interface, application program interface) has gradually become familiar to people. In modern software architecture and development, API is not only an important technical component, but also the core of supporting business growth and building platforms.

In the implementation of API, PHP is also one of the widely used back-end languages. In PHP, there are usually two methods for writing API interfaces, and this article will introduce them.

1. Traditional method

The traditional method can also be called the method in the MVC framework based on PHP. This method usually combines the code of the API interface with the controller (Controller) in the MVC framework. Organized as a whole.

In this method, we need to first define a controller class, for example:

class ApiController {
    public function index() {
        // 代码逻辑
    }
    public function add() {
        // 代码逻辑
    }
    // 更多的业务方法
}

Then define a route to forward the request to the corresponding controller method, for example:

// 定义路由
Route::get('api', 'ApiController@index');
Route::post('api/add', 'ApiController@add');
// 更多的路由定义

Finally, we need to return the result in JSON form at the end of each method:

return json_encode($result);

In the traditional method, this is a more traditional way. Organizing the API through the controller of the MVC framework is more reasonable in terms of development speed and code maintainability, but some emerging projects may have higher performance requirements. At this time, we need to consider using the second method. Method:

2. Laravel's method

Laravel is a PHP web application development framework based on MVC architecture, which can achieve the best combination of efficient web development and modern web development technology. API development in Laravel is also completed using a specialized component - [Laravel Dingo API](https://github.com/dingo/api/).

Laravel Dingo API is characterized by:

• Routing flexibility and maintainability
• Through serializer (Serializer) and response builder (Fractal) to provide better API output.
• The authentication method based on OAuth2 is one of the more popular authentication methods currently.
• Provides API documentation tool Swagger to help teams better manage API documentation.

In Laravel Dingo API, we can easily build API routes and controllers. First, we need to define the API request method and URL format in the route, for example:

$api = app(Dingo\Api\Routing\Router::class);

$api->version('v1', function ($api) {
    $api->get('items/{id}', 'App\Http\Controllers\ItemsController@show');
    $api->post('items', 'App\Http\Controllers\ItemsController@store');
    $api->put('items/{id}', 'App\Http\Controllers\ItemsController@update');
    $api->delete('items/{id}', 'App\Http\Controllers\ItemsController@destroy');
});

Then, we need to implement the API code logic in the controller, for example:

use Illuminate\Http\Request;

class ItemsController extends Controller {
    public function show($id) {
        $item = Item::find($id);
        return $item;
    }

    public function store(Request $request) {
        $item = new Item;
        $item->title = $request->input('title');
        $item->description = $request->input('description');
        $item->save();
        return $item;
    }

    public function update(Request $request, $id) {
        $item = Item::find($id);
        $item->title = $request->input('title');
        $item->description = $request->input('description');
        $item->save();
        return $item;
    }

    public function destroy($id) {
        $item = Item::find($id);
        $item->delete();
        return $item;
    }
}

in Laravel In Dingo API, we can use a more flexible output method, for example:

use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use Dingo\Api\Routing\Helpers;
use App\Transformers\ItemsTransformer;

class ItemsController extends Controller {
    use Helpers;

    public function show($id) {
        $item = Item::find($id);
        return $this->response->item($item, new ItemsTransformer);
    }

    public function index() {
        $items = Item::all();
        return $this->response->collection($items, new ItemsTransformer);
    }

    public function store(Request $request) {
        $item = new Item;
        $item->title = $request->input('title');
        $item->description = $request->input('description');
        $item->save();
        return $this->response->item($item, new ItemsTransformer);
    }

    public function update(Request $request, $id) {
        $item = Item::find($id);
        $item->title = $request->input('title');
        $item->description = $request->input('description');
        $item->save();
        return $this->response->item($item, new ItemsTransformer);
    }

    public function destroy($id) {
        $item = Item::find($id);
        $item->delete();
        return $this->response->noContent();
    }
}

We can use the Helper trait, by using $this->response->item and $this->response-> collection to flexibly output response formats. We can also use Transformer to convert the model into the required format in the API.

Summary

In this article, we learned two methods of implementing APIs in PHP: the traditional method and the Laravel method. However, as the Internet industry continues to develop, the implementation of APIs is also constantly changing. We need to choose a suitable implementation method based on specific project needs.

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