How to use git tools

The git tool is a very commonly used version control system. It can help programmers manage code, collaborate on development, and version control, and is very easy to use. This article will explain in detail how to use git tools.

1. Git installation and configuration

First, we need to install the Git tool. Go to the official website to download the installation package for the corresponding operating system, and then install it. After the installation is complete, we need to do some configuration to facilitate our use of Git.

First, we need to open the terminal (Git Bash under Windows) and enter the following command:

$ git config --global user.name "Your Name"
$ git config --global user.email "email@example.com"

Among them, user.name and user.email are the name and email address of your GitHub account respectively. . In this way, every time the code is submitted, others will be able to know who submitted the code based on this information.

2. Basic use of Git

Now, we have completed the installation and configuration of Git. Next, let's learn the basic use of Git.

1. Create a repository

First, we need to create a new Git repository. It can be created through the following command:

$ mkdir myrepo
$ cd myrepo
$ git init

In this way, we create a Git repository named "myrepo" and initialize it.

2. New file

Next, we can add some files to the warehouse. You can use the following command to create a new file:

$ touch myfile.txt

In this way, we create a file named "myfile.txt" in the Git repository.

3. Add file

Next, we need to add this file to the Git repository and make it in the tracking list in the local repository. You can add it with the following command:

$ git add myfile.txt

You can add multiple files at once, for example:

$ git add file1 file2 file3

4. Commit changes

Next, we need Submit our changes to the file to the Git repository. You can use the following command to commit:

$ git commit –m “initial commit”

Among them, "initial commit" is a commit message that can be specified arbitrarily to describe the changes made by this commit.

5. View repository status and logs

Now, we have successfully added the file to the Git repository. You can use the following command to view the current status of the warehouse:

$ git status

You can see that the status of the current warehouse is "clean", indicating that there are no uncommitted changes.

We can also use the following command to view the submission log of the warehouse:

$ git log

In this way, we can see all submitted records immediately.

6. Branch operation

Git supports branch management, so that we can have multiple branches during the development process and merge them together. You can use the following command to create a new branch:

$ git branch newbranch

Learn about all current branches:

$ git branch

Switch branches:

$ git checkout newbranch

Delete branches:

$ git branch -D branch_to_delete

Merge branches ：

$ git merge branch_name

7. Synchronize remote warehouse

Git also supports synchronizing code to remote code hosting platforms, such as GitHub or GitLab. You can use the following command to synchronize the code to the remote repository:

$ git push origin master

where "origin" is the alias of the remote repository, and "master" is the name of the branch.

If you need to pull the latest code from the remote warehouse, you can use the following command:

$ git pull origin master

8. Other commonly used commands

In addition to the above operations, Git It also supports some other common commands, such as:

View all current tags:

$ git tag

Add tags:

$ git tag v1.0

Delete tags:

$ git tag -d v1.0

Copy remote warehouse :

$ git clone https://github.com/user/repo.git

The above are the basic usage methods of Git, but Git also has many advanced operations, such as rebase, stash, cherry-pick, etc., which need to be learned and used in actual use.

3. Summary

The above are the basic methods of using Git tools. If you learn these methods, you can use Git better and facilitate your own development, management and collaboration. It is recommended to use them in combination during the actual project development process. I believe you will get good results.

The above is the detailed content of How to use git tools. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!