Discuss the encoding conversion method in Go language

In today's programming field, the development of Go language is becoming more and more mature. It has the characteristics of high concurrency and high performance, and is therefore very popular among programmers. In actual work, we often need to perform encoding conversion, because different encoding formats have different encoding methods under different platforms, and some mainstream encoding formats and conversion methods supported by the Go language are often used. Next, let's discuss the coding conversion method in Go language.

1. Use the standard library package
The standard library in the Go language is generally complete and stable, and provides more commonly used encoding conversion operations. Under the standard library encoding package, there are ASCII, UTF-8, UTF-16, UTF-32 and other encoding method conversion functions. Among them, the most commonly used encoding is UTF-8.

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "unicode/utf8"
)

func main() {
    str1 := "Golang"
    str2 := "中文"
    // 分别输出两个字符串的长度
    fmt.Println(utf8.RuneCountInString(str1))
    fmt.Println(utf8.RuneCountInString(str2))
}

The output results of the above code are: 6, 2. This method enables simple encoding conversion, and the byte sequence can be used directly as a string.

2. Use third-party library packages
In addition to standard library packages, third-party library packages in Go language also provide a variety of encoding conversion methods, the most famous of which is iconv. iconvThe underlying implementation uses C language, but it has been encapsulated into a library package in Go language, which is relatively simple to use.

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "github.com/djimenez/iconv-go"
)

func main() {
    str, err := iconv.ConvertString("中文", "gbk", "utf-8")
    if err == nil {
        fmt.Println(str)
    }
}

In the above code, the iconv package is first imported, and the ConvertString function is used to perform a simple conversion, converting "Chinese" from a UTF8 encoded string Convert to GBK encoded string.

3. Using the system command line
In some cases, we want to use the system's command line tool to perform encoding conversion, which can be achieved by calling the system command line.

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "os/exec"
)

func main() {
    cmd := exec.Command("/bin/bash", "-c", "echo 中文 | iconv -f UTF-8 -t GBK")
    output, err := cmd.Output()
    if err == nil {
        fmt.Println(string(output))
    }
}

In the above code, the system's command line tool iconv is first called to implement simple encoding conversion, converting the UTF8-encoded "Chinese" string into a GBK-encoded string.

Summary
In the Go language, there are many ways to implement encoding conversion, including using standard library packages, third-party library packages, and system command lines. Taken together, the method of using the iconv function and the system command line is the most flexible and suitable for encoding conversion under special circumstances. In general, the encoding conversion function provided by the Go language standard library is sufficient to meet the needs and is relatively simple to use.

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