How to run golang in various situations

Go language is a highly concurrent and very fast programming language. It is becoming more and more important in the increasingly complex Internet world. Now, more and more programmers are learning and using this language. If you also want to master the use of this language, then you need to know how to run golang applications. In this article, we will learn how to run golang in various situations.

Step one: Set up the Golang development environment

Before you start learning to use golang, you need to install its development environment. Golang applications are all run through the command line, so you need to install a Terminal on your computer and then install the Go language development environment.

1. First you need to download and install the Golang development environment:

You can download the corresponding installation package from the official website golang.org. After downloading, run the file to install ( The installation methods of different systems may be different, please choose the correct version and method for installation).

2. After the installation is complete, test whether the installation is successful by entering the following command in the terminal:

   go version

. If After the installation is successful, you will see version information similar to this:

go version go1.16.3 darwin/amd64

Step 2: Run the Golang application

When you have set up the Golang development environment, you can Start writing Golang applications. Golang applications are all run through the command line, and the different running methods vary depending on the application.

Let’s learn some common running methods:

1. Run through the go run command

This is the most commonly used method during the development stage , it can run the main function directly without compilation.

Let's take an example, assuming you have a hello.go file, which has a main function that can output "Hello, world!". You can run it with the following command:

go run hello.go

You can see that the console outputs "Hello, world!".

2. Compile through go build command

In some cases, you need to compile your code and generate an executable file, in this case you can use go build command to compile.

Let's also take an example. Suppose you have a hello.go file, which has a main function that can output "Hello, world!". The program can be compiled into an executable file through the following command:

go build hello.go

After compilation is completed, you will find an executable file named hello (note: not hello.go) in the same directory. Just run the file:

./hello

See the console output "Hello, world!" again.

3. Installation through go install command

In some cases, you want to install the compiled program in another directory, or you want to package your program into a library for other programs to call. In this case, you can use the go install command to install it.

Taking hello.go as an example, assuming you want to install it in the bin directory under $GOPATH ($GOPATH is an environment variable under some operating systems), you only need to use the following command:

go install hello.go

At this time hello.go has been installed in the $GOPATH/bin/ directory. You can enter hello anywhere to execute it.

4. Using Go Modules

Go Modules is a feature introduced in the Go1.11 version, which can help us manage the various dependencies required by our projects. Before using Go Modules, we need to confirm that our environment supports it. This can be confirmed by running the following command:

go version

After the confirmation is completed, we need to add a file named go.mod to our project directory. document. In the go.mod file, we can specify the various dependencies required by our project, and then use the following command to download all dependencies:

go mod download

After the download is complete, we can use the go run command to run main directly. function, you can also use the go build and go install commands to generate executable files and libraries.

Summary:

In this article, we learned how to run Golang applications in different environments, including running directly using the go run command, compiling using the go build command, and using go install Command to install and use Go Modules to manage dependencies. These are the basic operations for developing Golang applications. I believe this article can help you run Golang applications correctly.

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