How to use git commands? (Tutorial sharing)

Git is a free and open source distributed version control system that is widely used for collaborative development, version control and code management. Git can run on different operating systems, including Linux, Mac OS X, and Windows. Git can be used through the command line, graphical user interface, and other tools. This article will introduce how to use Git commands.

Install Git

Before you start using Git, you need to install Git first. Please follow the steps below to install Git on your computer:

1. Visit the Git official website (https://git-scm.com/).

2. Download the Git installer for the operating system you are using.

3. Run the downloaded installer and follow the installer's instructions to install.

Initialize Git repository

To start using Git, create a Git repository on your local computer. Please follow the steps below to create a warehouse and related files on your local computer:

1. Open a command line terminal or Git Bash.

2. Use the cd command to enter the directory where you want to store the warehouse.

3. Run the following command: git init

This command will create a hidden folder named ".git" in the current directory as a Git repository.

Add and Submit Files

To add files to the repository, follow these steps:

1. Create or modify files.

2. In the command line terminal, enter the warehouse directory.

3. Run the following command: git add file name

This command adds the file to the Git repository.

4. Run the following command: git commit -m "Information describing file changes"

This command will commit the changes to the file and attach a brief description.

Check the status of the Git warehouse

To check the status of the Git warehouse, please follow these steps:

1. In the command line, enter the warehouse directory.

2. Run the following command: git status

This command will display files in your working directory that are different from those in the Git repository.

Branch Management

Git's branch management is one of its most powerful features. You can use branches to create different versions of your code, continuing work in the master branch without affecting the work of others. To use a branch, follow these steps:

1. In the command line, enter the repository directory.

2. Run the following command: git branch

This command will display the branches currently available on your local computer.

3. Run the following command: git branch new branch name

This command will create a new branch named "new branch name".

4. Run the following command: git checkout new branch name

This command will move you to "new branch name".

5. Create or modify files.

6. Run the following command: git add file name

This command adds the file to the Git repository.

7. Run the following command: git commit -m "Information describing file changes"

This command will commit the changes to the file and attach a brief description.

8. Run the following command: git checkout master branch

This command will move you back to the master branch.

9. Run the following command: git merge new branch name

This command will merge the two branches. When merging two branches, if there are conflicts, you need to resolve them manually.

Clone Git repository

If you already have an existing Git repository, you can use the following command to clone it to a new directory: git clone https://github.com/username /Repository name.git

This command will clone the repository in the directory of your choice.

Summary

Using Git commands can manage and control the version of the code, and you can also collaborate on development and track projects. By using Git commands, you can easily take over and merge developments, manage projects and track changes, making it a very powerful code management tool.

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