How docker packages image files

Docker, as a popular containerization technology, aims to provide developers and system administrators with a convenient way to build, deploy and run applications. The Docker image is one of the core concepts of Docker. It can be regarded as a virtualized environment that contains all the components, environment and code required for the application to run.

So how to package the Docker image? In this article, we will introduce the process and precautions for packaging image files with Docker.

Docker Image Overview

Before understanding how to package a Docker image, we need to understand the basic knowledge of Docker images.

Docker images are defined by Dockerfile files. A Dockerfile is a text file that contains a series of instructions that describe how this Docker image should be built. When building a Docker image, Docker will execute the instructions in the Dockerfile step by step and generate a new image.

Docker packaging image process

The following is the process of packaging Docker images under normal circumstances:

1. Write Dockerfile

First, we need to create a Dockerfile file to define what our Docker image should contain and how to build it.

A typical Dockerfile may contain the following instructions:

1. FROM: Specifies the image name used as the base image.
2. MAINTAINER: Specify the author information of the image.
3. RUN: Execute specified commands and operations.
4. COPY: Copy local files to the image.
5. WORKDIR: Set the current working directory.
6. CMD: Specify the command that needs to be executed when the container starts.

2. Build Docker image

To build a Docker image, you need to use the docker build command, which can automatically build a new image according to the instructions in the Dockerfile.

The command format is as follows:

docker build -t <镜像名称> <Dockerfile所在路径>

is as follows:

docker build -t my-image /path/to/Dockerfile

-tThe parameter specifies the name of the newly built image, / path/to/Dockerfile specifies the path where the Dockerfile is located.

3. Run the Docker container

After building the Docker image, we need to use the docker run command to start the container and run our application.

The command format is as follows:

docker run -p <宿主机端口>:<容器端口> -d <镜像名称>

is as follows:

docker run -p 8080:80 -d my-image

-pThe parameter specifies the mapping relationship between the host port and the container port , the -d parameter specifies that the container runs in background mode.

4. View the Docker container

You can view the currently running Docker container through the docker ps command. The command format is as follows:

docker ps

5. Stop the Docker container

When we need to stop a Docker container, we can use the docker stop command. The command format is as follows:

docker stop <容器ID>

6. Delete the Docker container

When we need to delete a Docker container, we can use docker rm command, the command format is as follows:

docker rm <容器ID>

7. Delete Docker image

When we need to delete a Docker image, we can use the docker rmi command, the command format is as follows:

docker rmi <镜像名称>

Notes

When packaging a Docker image, you need to pay attention to the following points:

1. When writing a Dockerfile, keep the Dockerfile as simple, versatile, and reusable as possible.
2. When building a Docker image, try to use a smaller base image (try buildah, podman?) to minimize the image size and resource usage.
3. Try to copy local files into the container instead of manually uploading files into the container to avoid security issues.
4. When using Docker to build an image, you need to ensure that the image can run normally and have the required functions and performance.
5. When deleting Docker containers and images, you need to be careful to avoid accidentally deleting important data.

Summary

Packaging Docker images is one of the core skills of using Docker. It can provide developers and system administrators with a convenient, fast and repeatable way to build , test and deploy applications. Through the introduction of this article, I believe that everyone has a certain understanding of this, and I hope it can provide some help to everyone in using Docker in actual work.

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