Detailed explanation of how to convert utf-8 encoding format in php

In the Internet, we often need to deal with character encoding issues. One of the common problems is to convert text in non-utf-8 encoding format to utf-8 encoding format. This article will introduce how to use PHP to convert text from other encoding formats to UTF-8 encoding format.

1. Introduction to utf-8 encoding format

utf-8 encoding format is a commonly used character encoding format at present. It can represent all characters in the world, including Western characters and Chinese characters. characters, Japanese characters, Hebrew characters, and more. The biggest feature of the UTF-8 encoding format is that it uses multi-byte encoding, which can use 1 to 4 bytes to represent a character.

2. Character sets of other encoding formats

Before introducing how to convert to utf-8 encoding format, let us first understand the character sets of other encoding formats. Common character sets include GBK, GB2312, BIG5, etc. These character sets were all character sets before the emergence of the utf-8 encoding format.

GBK and GB2312 are Chinese character sets. GBK is an upgraded version of GB2312 and can represent more Chinese characters and symbols. These two character sets use double-byte encoding, that is, each character is represented by 2 bytes.

BIG5 is a traditional Chinese character set, mainly used in Hong Kong, Taiwan and other regions. BIG5 uses double-byte encoding, and each character is represented by 2 bytes.

3. PHP implements character encoding conversion

1. Use the iconv function to convert encoding

php has a built-in iconv function, which can be used to convert character encodings . The following is the basic usage of the iconv function.

$string = '需要转换编码格式的字符串';
$destCharset = 'UTF-8';
$srcCharset = 'GB2312';
$result = iconv($srcCharset, $destCharset, $string);

The above code converts $string from $srcCharset encoding format to $destCharset encoding format, and saves the converted result in $result.

The first parameter of the iconv function is the original encoding format to be converted, the second parameter is the target encoding format to be converted, and the third parameter is the string to be converted.

2. Use the mb_convert_encoding function to convert encoding

php also provides a mb_convert_encoding function, which can also be used to convert character encodings. The following is the basic usage of the mb_convert_encoding function.

$string = '需要转换编码格式的字符串';
$destCharset = 'UTF-8';
$srcCharset = 'GB2312';
$result = mb_convert_encoding($string, $destCharset, $srcCharset);

The above code converts $string from $srcCharset encoding format to $destCharset encoding format, and saves the converted result in $result.

The first parameter of the mb_convert_encoding function is the string to be converted, the second parameter is the target encoding format to be converted, and the third parameter is the original encoding format to be converted.

4. PHP batch conversion of file encoding formats

Sometimes we need to batch convert the encoding formats of multiple files, which can be achieved using PHP. The following is a simple php script that can be used to batch convert the encoding format of files in a specified directory.

$dir = '/path/to/directory';    //需要转换编码格式的目录
$destCharset = 'UTF-8';         //要转换的目标编码格式
$srcCharset = 'GB2312';         //要转换的原始编码格式

$files = scandir($dir);         //获取目录下的文件列表
foreach($files as $file) {
    if($file == '.' || $file == '..') {    //排除掉.和..目录
        continue;
    }
    $path = $dir . '/' . $file;
    if(is_file($path)) {                    //只处理文件，不处理目录
        $content = file_get_contents($path);      //读取文件内容
        $newContent = mb_convert_encoding($content, $destCharset, $srcCharset);    //将编码格式转换为utf-8
        file_put_contents($path, $newContent);     //覆盖原文件保存转换后的内容
    }
}

The above code converts the encoding format of all files in the $dir directory from $srcCharset to $destCharset, and saves the converted file contents.

5. Summary

This article introduces the method of using PHP to convert text in other encoding formats to utf-8 encoding format, including using the iconv and mb_convert_encoding functions to convert a single string into the encoding format. Conversion methods, and methods of using PHP to batch convert multiple file encoding formats. hope that it can help us.

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