How Golang implements the process of SOAP

Golang is a very popular programming language developed by Google and loved by developers for its high efficiency and excellent performance. Although Golang is favored by many developers, there is relatively little guidance and resources for developers using Golang to implement SOAP. In this article, we will introduce the process of how Golang implements SOAP.

First, let’s take a brief look at SOAP. SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) is an XML-based protocol for exchanging information between web applications. SOAP is typically used with WSDL (Web Services Description Language) and UDDI (Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration). A web service typically consists of a request and response message using SOAP as the protocol to send and receive data, and a WSDL file that contains information about the available web services.

To implement SOAP in Golang, we need to use the corresponding Go library. The following two are currently popular:

1. Go-SOAP: A relatively new library for parsing and building the SOAP protocol. It supports SOAP 1.1 and SOAP 1.2 and implements part of the WSDL 1.1 contract. It also supports HTTP and HTTPS transports, using the Go language's default HTTP client for API requests.
2. Gosoap: An older library that supports SOAP 1.1 and SOAP 1.2 (additional standards), but not WSDL. It also supports HTTP and HTTPS transports, using the Go language's default HTTP client for API requests.

In this article, we will introduce how to use the Go-SOAP library to implement the SOAP protocol. First, we need to add the go-soap package to our Go project. It can be installed using the following instructions:

go get -u github.com/tiaguinho/go-soap

Then, we need to define the request for the SOAP web service. The request will be constructed based on XML, the following is a sample request:

<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:yt="urn:youtube">
   <soapenv:Header/>
   <soapenv:Body>
      <yt:GetVideoInformation>
         <yt:VideoID>xxxxxxxxxxx</yt:VideoID>
      </yt:GetVideoInformation>
   </soapenv:Body>
</soapenv:Envelope>

In the above example, the name of the request is GetVideoInformation, and the parameter value is VideoID = xxxxxxxxxxx.

Next, we need to define the response of the SOAP Web service, which is also in XML format. The following is a sample response:

<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:yt="urn:youtube">
   <soapenv:Header/>
   <soapenv:Body>
      <yt:GetVideoInformationResponse>
         <yt:Title>Title of the Video</yt:Title>
         <yt:Description>Multiline Description</yt:Description>
      </yt:GetVideoInformationResponse>
   </soapenv:Body>
</soapenv:Envelope>

In the structure, the address and function name of the SOAP Web service need to be included. , request and response formats. The following is a code sample:

import (
  "net/url"
  "github.com/tiaguinho/go-soap"
)

// SOAP 请求体
type GetVideoInformationRequestEnvelope struct {
  SOAPEnv string `xml:"xmlns:soapenv,attr"`
  XSI    string `xml:"xmlns:xsi,attr"`
  Yt     string `xml:"xmlns:yt,attr"`
  Body   GetVideoInformationRequestBody
}

// SOAP 请求部分
type GetVideoInformationRequestBody struct {
  GetVideoInformation YoutubeRequest
}

// Youtube Request
type YoutubeRequest struct {
  VideoID string
}

// SOAP 响应体
type GetVideoInformationResponseEnvelope struct {
  SOAPEnv string `xml:"xmlns:soapenv,attr"`
  Yt     string `xml:"xmlns:yt,attr"`
  Body   GetVideoInformationResponseBody
}

// SOAP 响应部分
type GetVideoInformationResponseBody struct {
  GetVideoInformationResponse YoutubeResponse
}

// Youtube Response
type YoutubeResponse struct {
  Title       string `xml:"Title"`
  Description string `xml:"Description"`
}

func main() {
  // 服务地址
  soapURL, _ := url.Parse("http://example.com/soap")
  soapClient := soap.NewClient(soapURL)

  // 函数名称
  soapRequest, err := soapClient.NewRequest("http://www.youtube.com", "GetVideoInformation")
  if err != nil {
    log.Fatalln(err)
  }

  // 填写请求信息
  soapRequest.Body = &GetVideoInformationRequestEnvelope{
    XSI:    "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance",
    SOAPEnv: "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/",
    Yt:     "urn:youtube",
    Body:   GetVideoInformationRequestBody{
      GetVideoInformation: YoutubeRequest{
        VideoID: "xxxxxxxxxxx",
      },
    },
  }

  // 发送请求
  soapResponse, err := soapClient.Do(soapRequest)
  if err != nil {
    log.Fatalln(err)
  }

  // 解析响应数据
  var result GetVideoInformationResponseEnvelope
  if err := soapResponse.Unmarshal(&result); err != nil {
    log.Fatalln(err)
  }

  // 打印结果
  fmt.Println("Title:", result.Body.GetVideoInformationResponse.Title)
  fmt.Println("Description:", result.Body.GetVideoInformationResponse.Description)
}

In modern web development, SOAP has been replaced by REST and JSON, but in some specific scenarios, the SOAP protocol is still used. If you are looking for a way to implement SOAP using Golang, the above example will get you started. Golang's efficiency and concurrency model make it a powerful tool for web services, making it easier and more efficient for developers to get their work done. Have fun with Golang!

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