How to install gRPC in golang

In recent years, with the rapid development of cloud computing and big data, more and more enterprises have begun to use microservice architecture to build applications. gRPC is an efficient and modern RPC framework that is widely used for communication between microservices. In this article, we will introduce how to install gRPC in golang so that you can use this communication framework more conveniently.

1. First, you need to install the golang environment. You can download the installation package suitable for your own operating system from the official website https://golang.org/dl/. After the installation is completed, use the following command to check whether the installation is successful:

go version

If a response similar to "go version go1.14.4 darwin/amd64" version information indicates that the installation is successful.

2. Download and install dependency packages. gRPC requires the use of some dependency libraries. Here we use golang's package management tool go mod to automatically download and manage the required dependency packages. In any empty directory, execute the following command:

go mod init example.com/hello
go get google.golang.org/grpc

Among them, "example.com/hello" can be replaced with any name you like, it is just an example.

3. Write gRPC service. After installing gRPC, you can start writing your own service. Suppose we want to write a greeter service for greeting clients. Create two files greeter.pb.go and greeter.grpc.go in the project root directory. The commands are as follows:

$ touch greeter.proto
$ protoc --go_out=. --go-grpc_out=. greeter.proto

Write the greeter.proto file to describe the definition of the gRPC service:

syntax = "proto3";

package helloworld;

// 定义服务接口
service Greeter {
  rpc SayHello (HelloRequest) returns (HelloReply) {}
}

// 定义请求和响应结构体
message HelloRequest {
  string name = 1;
}

message HelloReply {
  string message = 1;
}

Compile the protoc file and generate the corresponding greeter.pb.go and greeter. grpc.go service files. It should be noted that when compiling with protoc, we added two parameters --go_out and --go-grpc_out to generate the corresponding pb and grpc files.

4. Write gRPC client. Next, we need to write a client code to call the service we defined. Create a greetercli.go file in the project and write the following code:

package main

import (
    "context"
    "log"

    "google.golang.org/grpc"
    pb "example.com/hello" // 这里是我们定义的服务包名

)

const (
    address     = "localhost:50051" // 服务端地址
    defaultName = "world"
)

func main() {
    // 和服务端建立连接
    conn, err := grpc.Dial(address, grpc.WithInsecure())
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatalf("did not connect: %v", err)
    }
    defer conn.Close()

    // 创建客户端
    c := pb.NewGreeterClient(conn)

    // 调用服务方法
    name := defaultName
    if len(os.Args) > 1 {
        name = os.Args[1]
    }
    r, err := c.SayHello(context.Background(), &pb.HelloRequest{Name: name}
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatalf("could not greet: %v", err)
    }
    log.Printf("Greeting: %s", r.Message)
}

In the code comments, we have already explained it clearly, so we will not repeat it here.

5. Run gRPC service.

Now that we have completed the server and client code, let’s run our service and take a look!

Execute the following command in the same directory as greetercli.go:

$ go run greetersrv.go

If there is no output, it means that the gRPC service has been successfully started locally. Next, run the client in a new terminal window:

$ go run greetercli.go
Greeting: Hello world

The output results here can be adjusted according to the input parameters you define.

So far, the content in this article has basically covered the entire process of installing gRPC in golang. I hope it will be helpful to readers. Of course, for in-depth study of gRPC services, we still need to master more details and specifications, and constantly improve and expand our knowledge system.

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