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How to convert php unicode encoding into Chinese characters through c++

Apr 05, 2023 pm 02:38 PM

在C++编程中,有时候需要将PHP Unicode编码转换成汉字,具体的实现方法可以通过以下步骤进行:

  1. 确定编码格式

在PHP代码中,Unicode编码通常以\u开头,后面跟随四个十六进制数字,如\u4e2d表示汉字“中”。在C++中,需要先将这种格式的编码进行解析,注意要将其转换成对应的字符类型,可以使用C++中的string类型。

  1. 使用std::stringstream解析字符串

使用std::stringstream可以将字符串转换成任何需要的数据类型,它类似于C++中的字符串流。可以使用stringstream中的put方法将解析出的字符依次写入到stringstream中,最终将得到完整的中文字符。

  1. 转换为中文字符

将解析出来的字符转换为中文字符的方法可以有很多种,比如使用标准库中的字符转码函数,或者使用第三方库。在转换的过程中,需要确保处理的中文字符的编码格式与机器的本地编码格式一致,这可以通过设置locale(语言环境)来实现。在locale配置好之后,可以使用std::wstring_convert<>将字符进行转换后输出。

代码示例:

#include<iostream>
#include<sstream>
#include<codecvt>
#include<locale>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
    string unicode_str = "\\u4e2d\\u6587";
    std::stringstream ss;
    for (size_t i = 0; i < unicode_str.length(); i++)
    {
        if (unicode_str[i] == &#39;\\&#39;)
        {
            if (i + 5 < unicode_str.length() && unicode_str[i + 1] == &#39;u&#39;)
            {
                unsigned short unicode_char;
                std::stringstream ss;
                ss << std::hex << unicode_str.substr(i + 2, 4);
                ss >> unicode_char;
                ss.clear();
                ss.str("");
                std::wstring_convert<std::codecvt_utf8_utf16<wchar_t>> converter;
                std::wstring utf16_str = converter.from_bytes((char*)&unicode_char, (char*)&unicode_char + 2);
                ss << utf16_str;
                i += 5;
            }
            else
                ss << unicode_str[i];
        }
        else
            ss << unicode_str[i];
    }
    std::wstring_convert<std::codecvt_utf8<wchar_t>> cvt;
    wstring converted = cvt.from_bytes(ss.str());
    wcout << converted << endl;
    return 0;
}
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在这个例子中,“\u4e2d\u6587”表示“中文”两个汉字的Unicode编码,\ u后面的数字代表该字符的16进制编码,每个Unicode字符占据两个字节,因此需要将四个16进制数字按照字节拆分成两部分,使用stringstream将其转换为unsigned short 类型并将其写入stringstream对象 ss 中。

接下来,需要将 ss 中的内容转换为编码格式为 UTF-16 的 std::wstring 对象 utf16_str。这里使用的是标准库中的 std::codecvt_utf8_utf16 对象,该对象可以将 UTF-8 编码的字符串转换成 UTF-16 编码的字符串。最后,将 utf16_str 再转换回 UTF-8 编码格式,可以直接使用 std::wstring_convert 对象完成这个转换,在输出之前需要确保机器本地编码格式为 UTF-8,可以使用 std::locale 对象进行设置。

以上就是将 PHP Unicode 编码转换为汉字的简单实现,实际上该方法还可以进行优化,例如将生成的 std::stringstream 对象进行存储以便后续使用,优化该方法的效率,数据的判断和缺失字符的替换也需要开发工程师进行深入的考虑与处理。

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