How to implement multi-value replacement function in Golang

Golang is a popular programming language that is widely used in web applications, operating systems, distributed systems, cloud platforms and other fields. Among them, in string operations, we often encounter situations where multi-value replacement is required. The following will introduce how to implement multi-value replacement function in Golang.

1. Multi-value replacement of strings

In Golang, strings can be represented as Unicode code points (rune slices). Normally, we use the Replace function in the string package or the ReplaceAllString function in the Regexp package to perform single value replacement.

The usage method of Replace function is as follows:

func Replace(s, old, new string, n int) string

The usage method of ReplaceAllString function is as follows:

func ReplaceAllString(src, repl string) string

In the above function, s and src are both original strings, and old means needed The old string to be replaced, new or repl represents the new string after replacement, n represents the maximum number of replacements. However, if we want to replace multiple values ​​at the same time, the above function cannot meet our needs. In this case, we can use the Map function in the strings package and define a mapping table in the Map function.

2. Use Map to implement multi-value replacement

The method of using the Map function is as follows:

func Map(mapping func(rune) rune, s string) string

In the above function, mapping is a function that converts each input Unicode Code points are mapped to output values, s is the string that needs to be mapped. We can set a mapping table in the mapping function to implement multi-value replacement.

The following is an example of implementing multi-value replacement:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "strings"
)

func main() {
    oldStrs := []string{"world", "World"}
    newStrs := []string{"Go", "GoLang"}
    s := "Hello world! Hello World!"

    replacer := strings.NewReplacer(oldStrs...)
    fmt.Println(replacer.Replace(s))

    mapping := func(r rune) rune {
        switch r {
        case 'w':
            return 'G'
        case 'o':
            return 'o'
        case 'r':
            return 'L'
        case 'l':
            return 'a'
        case 'd':
            return 'n'
        case 'W':
            return 'G'
        case '!' :
            return '!'
        default:
            return r
        }
    }

    fmt.Println(strings.Map(mapping, s))
}

In the above code, we store the string to be replaced and the replaced string in two slices oldStrs and newStrs respectively. , and passed to the NewReplacer function, through which the replacer object is created. Then, we define a mapping function in the Map function to map the old value in the original string to the new value, and use the Map function to perform an overall mapping operation on the original string to obtain the replaced string.

Run the above code, you can get the following results:

Hello Go! Hello GoLang!
Hello Go! Hello GoLang!

3. Summary

In Golang, you can use the Map function in the strings package for multi-value replacement of strings. And define a mapping table in the Map function. This method can replace multiple values ​​at the same time, making it more flexible and efficient. In actual development, it is necessary to pay attention to the order and number of different substitution values ​​to avoid substitution errors and exceptions.

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