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From science fiction to reality, what problems are still faced in the development of autonomous driving?
From science fiction to reality, what problems are still faced in the development of autonomous driving?
In recent years, with the increasing attention of autonomous driving, the commercialization of low-speed autonomous driving has gradually become a reality. In the future, high-speed autonomous driving will definitely become popular, and autonomous driving will also play a vital role in transportation. However, with the practical application of autonomous driving, many problems have become increasingly prominent. Among them, technical safety, data security and policy improvement are the three most prominent issues discovered in the popularization of autonomous driving.
01 Technical safety
Technical safety is related to whether self-driving cars can safely deliver passengers to their destinations. Currently, automatic parking, automatic tracking Advanced assisted driving systems such as autonomous driving and automatic lane changing have been relatively maturely applied in automobiles. However, in complex and congested scenarios such as urban roads, these functions still need to be continuously improved, which requires a variety of technical means, such as sensor technology. , high-precision map technology and artificial intelligence technology, etc.
Sensor technology
Sensors are an important technical part for realizing autonomous driving and are mainly used to obtain the environment around the vehicle. information. Autonomous driving sensors include vehicle-mounted cameras, lidar, millimeter-wave radar, ultrasonic radar, etc. Vehicle-mounted cameras are mainly used to identify visual information such as road signs, traffic lights, pedestrians and obstacles around the vehicle. Lidar, millimeter-wave radar, ultrasonic radar, etc. It is mainly used to identify obstacles and other information around the vehicle.
Currently, autonomous driving sensor technology is relatively mature, but in traffic scenarios such as bad weather and night, the recognition accuracy of autonomous driving sensors will decrease, which will affect autonomous driving. Car driving safety. For this reason, autonomous driving sensor technology still needs to be continuously improved and can be applied to various complex scenarios to improve the reliability and safety of autonomous vehicles.
High-precision map technology
High-precision map refers to map data with high-precision identification and high real-time performance , High-precision maps can provide vehicles with detailed information about the surrounding environment such as road markings, traffic lights, obstacles, etc. Self-driving cars can analyze the surrounding environment through high-precision maps to achieve autonomous driving.
At present, the coverage of high-precision maps is still relatively limited. The main reason is that the collection of high-precision maps involves detailed information on urban roads and requires supervision by the government and relevant departments. The scope of high-precision map collection in cities must be expanded. In addition, data protection and security management of high-precision maps must be strengthened to prevent high-precision map data from being tampered with or stolen.
Artificial Intelligence Technology
Artificial intelligence is one of the core technologies for the development of autonomous driving. It can use machine learning to , deep learning and other algorithms, allow self-driving cars to better understand the surrounding environment, predict traffic conditions, and allow self-driving cars to make correct decisions. At present, some progress has been made in the development of artificial intelligence technology, but its application in complex scenarios still needs continuous improvement and improvement.
02 Data Security
Data security is another very important direction in autonomous driving safety. The data involved in autonomous driving includes data obtained by autonomous driving sensors, high-precision map data, driving record data, and entertainment data of passengers in the car. The security of these data is related to the reliability and social acceptance of autonomous vehicles.
Data privacy security protection
Data privacy security protection is the focus of data security, autonomous vehicles The development of the Internet will inevitably involve a large amount of traffic data and personal data, such as urban road data, passenger driving data, driver's driving habit data, etc. These data need to be properly protected to prevent malicious use or leakage, and it is necessary to establish A complete data management system clarifies the ownership and use rights of data. At the same time, it is necessary to adopt technical means such as data encryption and data dispersion to ensure data privacy and security.
Data Integrity Guarantee
Data integrity assurance is another aspect that needs attention in data security. The driving of autonomous vehicles requires effective protection of high-precision maps to ensure the authenticity and integrity of high-precision map data. To ensure data integrity, technical means such as data backup and data verification need to be used to prevent data tampering or loss.
03 Improved policies
Industry development, policies come first. The development of autonomous driving cannot be separated from the support and guarantee of policies. Improved autonomous driving policies It will effectively assist the development of autonomous driving.
The formulation of laws and regulations
If autonomous driving is to be popularized, it cannot do without a complete set of laws and regulations For the operation and management of autonomous driving, these laws and regulations need to clarify the responsibilities and obligations of relevant parties in autonomous driving. At the same time, the formulation of laws and regulations also needs to pay attention to the innovation and development of autonomous driving technology, use regulations to promote technological progress, and let technology promote the development of regulations, so that it can be more It can well meet social and market needs and enable the rapid popularization of autonomous driving.
Traffic safety rule formulation
With the development of autonomous driving technology, more and more people are involved in transportation. Traffic participants such as self-driving cars, driver-driven cars, and pedestrians will appear in the same traffic environment. At this time, it is necessary to strengthen the public's awareness of traffic safety through the formulation and update of traffic safety rules, and improve the public's awareness and awareness of traffic safety. quality and reduce the occurrence of traffic accidents.
Responsibility allocation and risk management rule formulation
The development of autonomous driving requires clear responsibility allocation and risk management mechanisms, the government and relevant departments need to actively participate and actively guide, establish and improve autonomous driving responsibility distribution and risk management, clarify the responsibilities and obligations of drivers, autonomous driving technology service providers, and other parties to ensure that autonomous vehicles can drive in compliance with regulations.
04 Other aspects
In addition to technical safety, data security and policy improvement that need attention, there are many aspects in the development process of autonomous vehicles Need to ensure.
Development of technical safety standards
Commercialization of autonomous vehicles Popularization requires sufficient testing. Only when self-driving cars are safer than human drivers can self-driving cars be put on the road. Therefore, in the development of autonomous driving, it is necessary to formulate safety standards and detection methods for autonomous vehicles. In October 2022, the first international standard in the field of autonomous driving test scenarios, ISO 34501 "Road Vehicle Autonomous Driving System Test Scenario Vocabulary", led by China, was officially released. As an important basic standard for autonomous driving system test scenarios, this standard meets the requirements The industry's need to use standardized language to describe test scenarios when carrying out work related to autonomous driving testing and evaluation will be widely used in the research and development, testing and management of global intelligent networked vehicle autonomous driving technologies and products, and will provide solutions for smart travel, regional connections and road transportation. Provide important basic support for various types of autonomous driving applications.
Social recognition and acceptance
The widespread application of autonomous vehicles requires the public’s recognition and acceptance of autonomous driving Support. At present, the public’s recognition of autonomous driving is still relatively low. On the one hand, it is mainly because everyone is worried that the development of autonomous driving will cause some people who rely on driving as their main source of income to lose their jobs. On the other hand, the public is not concerned about the safety of autonomous vehicles. Sex remains skeptical. To this end, the government and relevant enterprises need to help the technological transformation of people whose main source of income is driving through education, publicity, exhibitions, lectures, etc., strengthen the public's recognition of autonomous vehicles, and promote the rapid popularization of autonomous driving.
Hardware cost reduction
Self-driving cars require the fusion of multiple sensors to obtain road information. In addition, they also need the support of processors, communication equipment and other hardware. However, at this stage, the hardware equipment of self-driving cars needs to ensure the reliability of its performance. , costs also need to be controllable. The popularization of self-driving cars cannot be separated from consumers. If the cost of hardware is too high and is difficult for consumers to reach, it will lead to the problem that self-driving technology is theoretically feasible but cannot be popularized.
Solution to ethical and moral issues
If autonomous driving technology wants to be popularized, it needs to face various Various issues, in actual traffic scenarios, often arise ethical and moral issues that cannot be answered by human drivers. For example, in an emergency, when a choice needs to be made between protecting passengers and protecting pedestrians, self-driving cars should how to choose? The topic of whether passengers should be given priority or pedestrians should be given priority needs to be discussed by the government, enterprises, academia, etc., and a plan acceptable to the public needs to be proposed.
05 Solution
#In short, there are huge opportunities and potentials in the development of autonomous driving, which can improve traffic efficiency and driving safety, but The development of autonomous driving will still face many challenges and difficulties. It requires multi-party efforts and cooperation to invest energy and resources to accelerate the research and development and application of autonomous driving. To this end, the following measures can be taken:
Formulation of relevant laws, regulations and standards
The first thing the government and relevant agencies need to do is to formulate relevant laws, regulations and standards, such as clarifying autonomous vehicles testing and on-road conditions, regulating insurance liability for self-driving cars and other issues. This can not only protect public safety and interests, but also clarify the development direction and market trends of autonomous driving for enterprises. In addition, it can also provide legal and evidence-based development for autonomous driving.
Strengthen technology research and development
Enterprises and academia need to strengthen research and development of autonomous driving technology, and at the same time It is also necessary to strengthen the testing and verification of autonomous vehicles, cooperate with the requirements of the government and relevant agencies, and improve the safety of autonomous driving technology. The government can also provide relevant financial and policy support to enterprises to promote the research and development and advancement of autonomous driving.
Improving social recognition and acceptance
In the development process of autonomous driving, public recognition must be solved Question, the government and enterprises can introduce the basic principles and application scenarios of autonomous driving technology to the public through exhibitions, lectures, test drives, etc., improve the public’s understanding of autonomous driving, and enhance the public’s trust and support for autonomous driving technology. .
Strengthen cooperation and exchange
Autonomous driving technology will not be able to achieve major improvements if it is only developed and tested by oneself. , It is also very important to integrate with international standards. The government can organize international academic conferences and technical exchanges to let domestic companies understand the progress of autonomous driving development. Domestic enterprises can also be encouraged to communicate more and cooperate more to jointly promote the research and development and application of autonomous driving technology.
06 Summary
Autonomous driving is a cutting-edge technology. Its development and application can help the development of smart transportation and smart cities. Its impact It goes without saying, but we also need to be clear that the development of autonomous driving will not be smooth sailing. It is not just about solving technical problems that can make autonomous driving popular. Autonomous driving requires the joint efforts of multiple roles and directions to achieve autonomous driving. Sustainability in driving.
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