How to start golang

With the development of Internet technology, programming languages ​​​​are also constantly updated and iterated. Among them, Golang (also known as Go language) is becoming more and more popular among developers because of its high concurrency and high efficiency. When using Golang, how to start and run the program correctly is a skill that must be mastered. This article will introduce how to start the Golang program.

1. Installing Golang

Before we begin, we need to install Golang first. The Golang official website (https://golang.org/) provides downloads of installation packages on different operating systems. Select the installation package corresponding to the operating system to download and install. After the installation is complete, we can check whether the installation is successful by typing "golang version" on the command line. If the terminal outputs information similar to "go version go1.17.1 darwin/amd64", it indicates that the installation has been successful.

2. Write code

After the installation is complete, we need to write code. Before writing code, we need to understand several concepts:

• Package: Package is a way to organize related Go source code files together
• Import: Import , in Go, we can use its related functions by importing code in other packages.
• Main function: Main function, the entry function of the Golang program, must exist in every application. When we run the program, this main function will serve as the entry point to the program.

The following is a simple Hello World program example:

package main　　//主函数所在的包名

import "fmt"　　//导入fmt包

func main(){　　//此处为程序的入口点
    fmt.Println("Hello World")　　//输出字符串"Hello World"  
}

3. Build the code

After completing the code writing, we need to build the code . In the terminal, go to the directory where the code is located and build the code. Enter the following command in the terminal:

go build

This command will compile the code and generate an executable file.

4. Run the code

After the code is compiled, we need to run the program. Switch the terminal directory to the directory where the code is located, and enter the following command to run:

./go-start

where "go-start" is the name of the executable file we compiled and generated. After the code is run, the "Hello World" string will be printed.

5. Cross-compilation

In some cases, we need to write Golang programs into executable files for other platforms (such as compiling Linux platform code into Windows platform executable file). So what to do at this time? This requires cross compilation.

Cross-compilation requires specifying the target platform and operating system type, and setting the corresponding compiler through environment variables during compilation. For example, if you develop a Golang program on the MacOS platform and want to compile the program into a Windows executable program, you can enter the following command in the terminal:

CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=windows GOARCH=amd64 go build -o go-start.exe go-start.go

In this command, CGO_ENABLED=0, GOOS=windows and GOARCH=amd64 respectively specifies that CGO is disabled, the target operating system is Windows, and the target architecture is amd64. After the operation is completed, a "go-start.exe" executable file will be generated.

In short, starting the Golang language is relatively simple, and you only need to master a few simple steps. As long as you understand the process of building and running the code, cross-compilation is no problem. I believe this article can provide some help to beginners.

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