How to use Golang to implement a linked list data structure

Golang (Go) is a rapidly developing programming language. Its simplicity and efficiency have attracted many developers and companies to use it. In this article, we will introduce how to use Golang to implement a linked list data structure.

The linked list is an important data structure that can be used to represent solutions to many problems. Its most basic form is a singly linked list, that is, each node has only one pointer, which points to the next node. In Golang, we can use structures to define nodes:

type Node struct {
    data interface{}
    next *Node
}

Among them, the data field can be used to save the actual data in the node, and the next pointer points to the next node. The interface{} type is used here as the type of the data field, so that the node can store any type of data. The next pointer uses a pointer to the Node type to move nodes in the linked list.

After defining the nodes using the above structure, we can implement the basic operations of the linked list. The first is to add a node at the end of the linked list:

func (n *Node) Append(data interface{}) {
    for n.next != nil {
        n = n.next
    }
    new_node := Node{data: data}
    n.next = &new_node
}

This function accepts a parameter data, creates a new node, and adds it to the end of the linked list. We traverse the linked list starting from the head node until we find the last node. Then create a new node and make it the next node of the last node.

The next step is to find the node in the linked list:

func (n *Node) Search(search_data interface{}) *Node {
    for n != nil {
        if n.data == search_data {
            return n
        }
        n = n.next
    }
    return nil
}

This function accepts a parameter search_data, traverses the entire linked list and returns the first found node containing the data. If the end of the linked list is not found, nil is returned.

Finally, delete the node in the linked list:

func (n *Node) Delete(delete_data interface{}) bool {
    prev_node := n
    for n != nil {
        if n.data == delete_data {
            prev_node.next = n.next
            return true
        }
        prev_node = n
        n = n.next
    }
    return false
}

This function accepts a parameter delete_data, traverses the entire linked list and deletes the first found node containing the data. We use two pointers, pointing to the current node and the previous node. When we find a node containing delete_data, we only need to point the next node of the previous node to the node next to the current node. Finally, if the node containing delete_data is not found, false is returned.

The above code is the basic operation of using Golang to implement linked lists. One thing to note is that when adding a new node, you need to use reference passing in order to modify the pointer of the head of the linked list, while the find and delete functions do not. This can be accomplished by attaching these functions to the node type using a pointer receiver.

I hope this article can help you understand how to implement a linked list with Golang. Using linked lists and other data structures can greatly simplify many problems and will make you a better programmer.

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