A deep dive into Golang's method calls

Go language is a powerful and easy-to-understand and use programming language. It is famous for its excellent concurrent operations and memory management mechanism. In Go, a method is a special function that has an associated receiver type. In this article, we will delve into Golang’s method invocation.

Basic knowledge of methods

A method is a function specifically designed to operate on similar objects. In Golang, a method refers to a function associated with a type. This type can be a structure, basic type, interface type or other custom type. There are two types of methods: value receivers and pointer receivers. Value receivers are used to define methods for value types, and pointer receivers are used to define methods for pointer types.

In Golang, methods are defined by declaring the function name in front of the type. Method names must follow CamelCase naming convention, that is, the first letter is capitalized. You create a method by adding the receiver type and variable name to the function's argument list. The following example demonstrates how to define a method:

type Person struct {
    Name string
}

func (p Person) SayHello() {
    fmt.Printf("Hello, my name is %s.\n", p.Name)
}

In the above code, a Person structure type is defined and the SayHello() method is used to print the name of the person.

Method Calling

In Go language, you can use object methods to perform operations. There are two methods of calling methods: value receiver and pointer receiver.

The value receiver method is called as follows:

package main

import "fmt"

type Rectangle struct {
    length, width float64
}

func (r Rectangle) Area() float64 {
    return r.length * r.width
}

func main() {
    r := Rectangle{10, 5}
    fmt.Println("Rectangle Area:", r.Area())
}

In the above code, we define a rectangle type Rectangle and implement an Area() method for it to obtain The area of ​​the rectangle. In the main() function, we create a variable r of type Rectangle and use r.Area() to get the area of ​​the rectangle.

The method of calling the pointer receiver method is as follows:

package main

import "fmt"

type Rectangle struct {
    length, width float64
}

func (r *Rectangle) Area() float64 {
    return r.length * r.width
}

func main() {
    r := &Rectangle{10, 5}
    fmt.Println("Rectangle Area:", r.Area())
}

In the above code, we implement the Area() method of a pointer receiver for the Rectangle type, and then use &r. Area() to get the area of ​​the rectangle.

Summary

In Golang, a method refers to a function associated with a type. There are two types of methods: value receivers and pointer receivers. They are called differently. The value receiver method is called directly, while the pointer receiver method needs to be called using a pointer. Methods are the basis of object-oriented programming, and knowledge of methods is crucial to understanding and using the Golang programming language.

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