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WordPress开发中短代码的实现及相关函数使用技巧_PHP

May 28, 2016 am 11:49 AM
php wordpress short code

其实实现短代码很简单,我们只需要用到 WordPress 里面的一个函数就可以搞定短代码,外加自己的一个小函数,可以让短代码实现的轻松加愉快。

短代码实现原理
就像往 WP 一些动作里加钩子和过滤函数一样,
短代码只是经过封装了的针对文章输出内容的过滤器而已,
没有像有一些主题功能说的那么震撼、那么高深。
下面来一个简单例子:

function myName() {//短代码要处理的函数
return "My name's XiangZi !";
}
//挂载短代码
//xz为短代码名称 
//即你在编辑文章时输入[xz]就会执行 myName 函数
add_shortcode('xz', 'myName');
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那么我们在文章中输入[xz]就会得到

My name's XiangZi !

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短代码传参
更高深一点的利用,我将会在后面的文章中讲到,
今天只讲一下,短代码的传参机制
高级一点的例子

function myName($array,$content) {
var_dump($array);
var_dump($content);
}
 
add_shortcode('xz', 'myName');
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编辑文章时我们输入:

[xz a="1" b="2" c="3"]这里是三个参数哦[/xz]
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在函数中我们将得到:

//$array 是一个数组,
//大体结构如下
$array = array('a'=>'1','b'=>'2','c'=>'3');
//$content 是一个字符串
$content = '这里是三个参数哦';

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shortcode_atts
不是因为搞短代码插件,我也不会用到这个函数,
shortcode_atts 函数主要是用来设置短代码中截获变量的初始值。
这是一个很实用的函数,其实这个函数的真正是作用在数组上得,
因为我们从短代码中截获的参数都是数组形式的。

shortcode_atts 函数详解
不要被函数名所疑惑,在 WordPress 里主要是用于设置短代码参数的默认值,
如果我们将代码提取出来,用在别的地方,该函数可以帮我们设置一个既得数组的默认值。

shortcode_atts 函数使用
这个函数使用起来很简单。

shortcode_atts(array(
"url" => 'http://PangBu.Com'
), $url)
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以上代码的意思是,
将 $url 数组 键值为url的成员默认值设定为'http://PangBu.Com',
别的地方用处似乎不多,但对于一些超级懒人,有时候揽到总是忘记或是懒得设定数组的数值时,这个函数超好用。

shortcode_atts 函数声明

/**
 * Combine user attributes with known attributes and fill in defaults when needed.
 *
 * The pairs should be considered to be all of the attributes which are
 * supported by the caller and given as a list. The returned attributes will
 * only contain the attributes in the $pairs list.
 *
 * If the $atts list has unsupported attributes, then they will be ignored and
 * removed from the final returned list.
 *
 * @since 2.5
 *
 * @param array $pairs Entire list of supported attributes and their defaults.
 * @param array $atts User defined attributes in shortcode tag.
 * @return array Combined and filtered attribute list.
 */
function shortcode_atts($pairs, $atts) {
 $atts = (array)$atts;
 $out = array();
 foreach($pairs as $name => $default) {
 if ( array_key_exists($name, $atts) )
  $out[$name] = $atts[$name];
 else
  $out[$name] = $default;
 }
 return $out;
}
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