A brief analysis of how to install and configure the golang environment in Linux systems

Golang is an open source programming language whose main features are static typing, garbage collection, fast compilation and concurrent programming. Golang was developed by Google in 2007 and officially released in 2012. With the continuous development and promotion of Golang, more and more developers are beginning to use this programming language to write efficient and robust software programs.

In Linux systems, installing Golang is relatively simple. The installation steps will be briefly introduced below.

Step one: Download and decompress the Golang installation package

First, we need to download the corresponding version of Golang installation from [Golang official website](https://golang.org/dl/) Bag. Choose the appropriate version based on your operating system and processor architecture. Let's take the 64-bit Linux system as an example. Download the Golang installation package as follows:

wget https://golang.org/dl/go1.17.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz

After the download is complete, we need to decompress the installation package. The command to decompress the Golang installation package is as follows:

tar -zxvf go1.17.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz

After decompression is completed, we can view the decompressed directory structure through the ls command, as follows:

drwxr-xr-x  9 root root 4.0K Oct  7 10:53 go

Step 2: Set environment variables

After Golang is decompressed, we need to configure environment variables. The so-called environment variables are values ​​defined in the operating system to save information about the system environment. For Golang, we need to configure two environment variables, GOPATH and GOROOT.

• GOROOT: The installation path of Golang, that is, the decompressed installation directory.
• GOPATH: Golang developer working directory.

We can open the ~/.bashrc file through the vim editor and add the following content:

export GOROOT=/usr/local/go
export PATH=$PATH:$GOROOT/bin
export GOPATH=$HOME/go
export PATH=$PATH:$GOPATH/bin

Here we set GOROOT to /usr/local/go and GOPATH to $HOME/go, of course these paths can be changed according to your own needs.

Note: If there is no go/bin directory locally, please create it manually.

After saving and exiting the ~/.bashrc file, we need to execute the following command to make the modifications effective:

source ~/.bashrc

Step 3: Verify whether Golang is installed successfully

Complete the second step After configuring the environment variables in this step, we can test by entering the following command:

go version

If the version number of Golang is output, it means that Golang has been installed successfully.

The following is a sample output:

go version go1.17.1 linux/amd64

Step 4: Write and run Golang code

After Golang is installed, we can happily start writing and running Golang code.

First, we need to create a directory to store our code files.

mkdir sample
cd sample

Next, we create a Golang source code file named main.go and edit it using the vim editor.

vim main.go

Enter the following content and save:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
    fmt.Println("Hello, goland!")
}

Finally, we run the above code through the go run command. The command is as follows:

go run main.go

After the operation is successful, the console outputs information As follows:

Hello, goland!

At this point, the installation and use of Golang has been introduced.

Summary:

Through the introduction of this article, we have learned the detailed steps for installing Golang in Linux systems, including downloading and decompressing the Golang installation package, configuring environment variables, testing and running Golang code . If you want to learn how to use Golang to write efficient software programs, try installing Golang and start learning.

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