Let's talk about how to use RabbitMq in golang

1. What is RabbitMq

RabbitMq is a reliable, fast, open source message queuing system. It follows the AMQP (Advanced Message Queuing Protocol) standard and is widely used in distributed application scenarios. various messaging situations.

2. Why use RabbitMq

In some business scenarios, message processing, transmission and storage are very important. When the scale of application systems gradually reaches millions, how to effectively process these messages is a top priority. RabbitMq can support asynchronous delivery of messages, persistent storage, and traffic peak shaving through message queues.

3. How to use RabbitMq in golang

1. Install RabbitMq

First of all, you need to install RabbitMq before using golang to implement RabbitMq. Here we use CentOS system For example, use yum to install:

sudo yum install rabbitmq-server

2. Using RabbitMq in golang

To use RabbitMq in golang, you need to use the AMQP library, which can be used by using the go get command To install:

go get github.com/streadway/amqp

3. Sample code implementation

The following is a simple RabbitMq example that connects to the RabbitMq server and sends the hello string to the queue:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "log"

    "github.com/streadway/amqp"
)

func main() {
    conn, err := amqp.Dial("amqp://guest:guest@localhost:5672/")
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatalf("failed to connect to RabbitMQ: %s", err)
    }
    defer conn.Close()

    ch, err := conn.Channel()
    if err != nil {
         log.Fatalf("failed to open a channel: %s", err)
    }
    defer ch.Close()

    q, err := ch.QueueDeclare(
        "hello", // 队列名称
        false,   // 是否持久化
        false,   // 是否自动删除
        false,   // 是否在服务器端独立
        false,   // 是否等待服务器回复
        nil,     // 其他属性
    )
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatalf("failed to declare a queue: %s", err)
    }

    body := "hello"
    err = ch.Publish(
        "",     // 交换机名称
        q.Name, // 队列名称
        false,  // 是否服务器端确认
        false,  // 是否等待服务器回复
        amqp.Publishing {
            ContentType: "text/plain",
            Body:        []byte(body),
        })
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatalf("failed to publish a message: %s", err)
    }

    fmt.Println("Message sent")
}

4. RabbitMq Notes

1. Concurrency Security

Using the AMQP client library in multiple goroutines is not concurrency-safe, and there may be data competition. Therefore, you should use a separate connection, channel, and publisher/subscriber in each goroutine; or obtain and wait for replies through locks, mutexes, and channels.

2. Persistence

When using RabbitMq, we need to pay attention to the persistence of messages to avoid message loss due to program exceptions. At the same time, attention must also be paid to the persistence of queues and switches to ensure the reliability of messages.

3. Flow control

In high concurrency situations, in order to avoid the downtime of the RabbitMq server, it is necessary to set the queue and switch properties appropriately, and appropriately limit the number of messages sent according to the current server situation. speed.

5. Conclusion

By implementing RabbitMq in golang, we can quickly build a message queue service to realize message transmission between distributed systems, reduce the degree of coupling, and improve the availability of the system. and scalability. At the same time, we must also pay attention to issues such as message persistence, concurrency security, and traffic restrictions to ensure that RabbitMq can maximize its benefits in our system.

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