Deep understanding of static methods in golang

Golang is a programming language that supports object-oriented programming, but its object-oriented programming method is somewhat different from traditional object-oriented programming languages. One difference is that there is no concept of class in Golang, and there is no static method in Java. But Golang provides a mechanism similar to static methods. Today we will introduce static methods in Golang.

There are no classes in Golang, but it provides structures (struct) to organize data. A structure is a data type that can encapsulate data and behavior. It is similar to a traditional class.

In Golang, structures have their own methods. When the method is called, the pointer of the structure object is passed in as a default parameter, and the fields and methods of the structure object can be accessed within the method.

But what if we want to define a method that is associated with the structure but does not need to access any structure data? At this time, you need to use static methods in Golang.

In Golang, static methods are implemented by adding receivers to function parameters. The receiver specifies the data type operated by the function, which can be a structure, pointer, array, slice, etc.

The following is an example that demonstrates how to define and use static methods in Golang:

package main

import "fmt"

type Rectangle struct {
    width, height int
}

// 定义静态方法，接收者为 Rectangle 类型
func (r Rectangle) area() int {
    return r.width * r.height
}

func main() {
    r := Rectangle{10, 20}
    fmt.Println(r.area()) // 输出200，调用静态方法
}

In the above example, we define a structure Rectangle, and then We define a static method area(), which takes the Rectangle type as the receiver and passes r.width and r.heightCalculate the area of ​​the rectangle.

Next, in the main function, we create an object r of type Rectangle and call area( ) method to calculate its area. What needs to be noted here is that we can call static methods directly through r.area() instead of using class names like traditional object-oriented languages.

It is important to note that static methods can only be used within the same package. If you want to use a static method in another package, you need to capitalize its first letter.

Summary:

Although there are no classes in Golang and no static methods in Java, it provides a mechanism similar to static methods - the receiver. . By adding a receiver to a function parameter, you can define a static method that is associated with a structure but does not need to access any structure data. Structures in Golang have their own methods, and static methods can be called just like ordinary methods. It should be noted that static methods can only be used within the same package.

The above is the detailed content of Deep understanding of static methods in golang. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!